A systematic literature review on COVID-19, clinical manifestation, laboratory and radiologic features

Soltani, Saber; Zakeri, Armin; Rezayat, Sara Akhavan; Karimi, Mohammad Reza; Anbaji, Fateme Zomorodi; Tabibzadeh, Alireza; Zebardast, Arghavan; Zakeri, Amir Mohammad; Nakhaei, Mohammadvala Ashtar; Afzali, Shervin; Erfani, Yousef; Poortahmasebi, Vahdat; Farahani, Abbas

doi:10.4103/aihb.aihb_114_20

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…ACE2 expresses abundantly in lung alveolar epithelium and small intestine enterocytes [18], which might be the reason for the hypervulnerability of respiratory and gastrointestinal organs to COVID-19 infection [19][20][21][22]. ACE2 also expresses in the kidney, liver, spleen, and testes and could be responsible for various clinical manifestations of the disease, such as liver diseases [18,[23][24][25].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Its Receptor and The Mechanism Of Virus Entry Int...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The respiratory system was primarily considered the only organ affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19). As the pandemic continues, there is an increasing concern from the scientific community about the future effects of the virus on male and female reproductive organs, infertility, and, most significantly, its impact on the future generation [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rescuing fertility during COVID-19 infection: exploring potential pharmacological and natural therapeutic approaches for comorbidity, by focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism.

Hosseini

Kohan-Ghadr

Bazrafkan

et al. 2023

J Assist Reprod Genet

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The respiratory system was primarily considered the only organ affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 . As the pandemic continues, there is an increasing concern from the scientific community about the future effects of the virus on male and female reproductive organs, infertility, and, most significantly, its impact on the future generation. The general presumption is that if the primary clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are not controlled, we will face several challenges, including compromised infertility, infection-exposed cryopreserved germ cells or embryos, and health complications in future generations, likely connected to the COVID-19 infections of parents and ancestors. In this review article, we dedicatedly studied severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virology, its receptors, and the effect of the virus to induce the activation of inflammasome as the main arm of the innate immune response. Among inflammasomes, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway activation is partly responsible for the inflicted damages in both COVID-19 infection and some reproductive disorders, so the main focus of the discussion is on NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection alongside in the reproductive biology. In addition, the potential effects of the virus on male and female gonad functions were discussed, and we further explored the potential natural and pharmacological therapeutic approaches for comorbidity via NLRP3 inflammasome neutralization to develop a hypothesis for averting the long-term repercussions of COVID-19. Since activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to the damage caused by COVID-19 infection and some reproductive disorders, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors have a great potential to be considered candidates for alleviating the pathological effects of the COVID-19 infection on the germ cells and reproductive tissues. This would impede the subsequent massive wave of infertility that may threaten the patients.

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Section: Sars-cov-2 Its Receptor and The Mechanism Of Virus Entry Int...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rescuing fertility during COVID-19 infection: exploring potential pharmacological and natural therapeutic approaches for comorbidity, by focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism.

Hosseini

Kohan-Ghadr

Bazrafkan

et al. 2023

J Assist Reprod Genet

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The newly emerged SARS-CoV (i.e., SARS-CoV-2) and SARS-CoV belong to the lineage B of the betacoronavirus genus, while MERS-CoV is from the lineage C of the same genus (14). The genome of beta coronaviruses is about 30 kb, which generally contains six to 10 genes.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Structure and Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Cell Receptors and Downstream Cascades: A Review of Molecular Aspects and Potential Therapeutic Targets in COVID-19

Afzali

AshtarNakhaei

Shiari

et al. 2021

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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Context: There have been two coronavirus-related pandemics during the past 18 years, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV in 2002 and 2012, respectively. Seven years after the emergence of MERS, a new coronavirus (i.e., SARS-CoV-2) was detected in several patients in 2019. SARS-CoV-2 spread widely, and its high prevalence enabled the virus to start a new pandemic in 2020. It is believed that the higher infectivity of the virus in comparison to that of SARS-CoV is related to its molecular interaction affinity of transmembrane spike glycoprotein and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) cell receptors. Moreover, the primary reason for the high case fatality rate (CFR) is the cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) because of the immune system response to the invaders. Hence, a solid understanding of the components involved in the mechanism of viral entry and immune system response is crucial for finding approaches to disrupt the virus interplay and neutralizing its impacts on the host immune system. In this review, we investigated the molecular aspect and potential therapeutic targets associated with cell receptors and downstream signaling cascades. Evidence Acquisition: In this review, we presented the available information regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A systematic search was implemented on several online databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus during 2019-2021 using the following keywords: "SARS-CoV-2", "COVID-19", "ACE-2", "Therapeutic Targets", "Acute respiratory distress syndrome", and "Cytokine Storm". Results: Various internal or external agents are responsible for the virus infectivity and stimulating acute immune system response. Since currently there is no cure for the treatment of COVID-19, several repurposed drugs can be employed to disrupt the process of viral entry and mitigate the symptoms raised by the cytokine storm. Inhibition of several agents, including signal transduction mediators and TMPRSS2 may be momentous. Conclusions: Despite the increase in the CFR, no drugs were developed with significant efficacy. Understanding the virus entry mechanism and the immune system’s role could help us surmount the problems in developing a promising drug or employing the repurposed ones.

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Clinical characteristics, complications, and predictors of outcome of hospitalized adult Sudanese patients with COVID‐19 and malaria coinfection in Sudan: A multicenter retrospective cross‐sectional study

Ahmed

Hasabo

Haroun

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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Malaria and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) share several characteristics that could lead to cross‐infection, particularly in malaria‐endemic areas. Early COVID‐19 symptoms might be misdiagnosed for malaria in clinical settings. Also, both diseases can cause fatal complications. So, laboratory testing for both diseases was recommended by the World Health Organization. To study the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Adult Sudanese patients with COVID‐19 and malaria coinfection. This retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to October 2021 in Wad Medani. Total coverage of all Sudanese patients above 18 years old with a confirmed diagnosis of coinfection with COVID‐19 and malaria was included, and data were collected using a data collection sheet. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.0.2. Data were described and presented as mean, standard deviation, and number (percentage). To find associated factors with in‐hospital outcome, χ 2 test, fisher exact test, and independent t test or Wilcoxon rank‐sum test were used. In this study, 156 participants were diagnosed with COVID‐19 and malaria coinfection. Most of them were between 60 and 70 years (30.8%), the majority were males (59%). Shortness of breath (76.3%) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (35.3%) were the most common symptom and complications among coinfected patients, respectively. Ground glass opacity ( n = 47/49, 95.9%) is the most common result for computed tomography scan. Atrial fibrillation was the most common abnormal electrocardiogram finding ( n = 6/62, 9.7%). Overall mortality among all participants was (63/156, 40.4%). High mortality rate was found among the coinfected patients. More attention is needed towards fighting COVID‐19 and malaria coinfection. There may be a link between malaria and COVID‐19.

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A systematic literature review on COVID-19, clinical manifestation, laboratory and radiologic features

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Rescuing fertility during COVID-19 infection: exploring potential pharmacological and natural therapeutic approaches for comorbidity, by focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism.

Rescuing fertility during COVID-19 infection: exploring potential pharmacological and natural therapeutic approaches for comorbidity, by focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism.

Human Cell Receptors and Downstream Cascades: A Review of Molecular Aspects and Potential Therapeutic Targets in COVID-19

Clinical characteristics, complications, and predictors of outcome of hospitalized adult Sudanese patients with COVID‐19 and malaria coinfection in Sudan: A multicenter retrospective cross‐sectional study

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