A study on the effect of chemically synthesized magnetite nanoparticles on earthworm: Eudrilus eugeniae

Abstract

Most look into the benefits of the nanoparticles, but keeping aside the benefits; this study focuses on the impacts of nanoparticles on living systems. Improper disposal of nanoparticles into the environment is a subject of pollution or nano-pollution which in turn affects the flora and fauna in the ecosystem, particularly soil ecosystem. Thus, this study was done to understand the impacts of chemically synthesized magnetite nanoparticles on earthworm-Eudrilus eugeniae, a soil-dependent organism which acquires food and nutrition from decaying matters. The chemically synthesized magnetite nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Earthworms were allowed to interact with different concentrations of synthesized nanoparticles and the effect of the nanoparticles was analysed by studying the phenotypic changes followed by histology and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry analyses.

Synthesis and characterization of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and utilization of SPIONs in X-ray imaging

“…Among the respective peaks, the absorbance maximum at 250 nm is the characteristic peak for the SPIONs. This value is much closer to the already reported absorbance near 250 nm maxima for magnetic nanoparticles (Wang et al 2014;Samrot et al 2016). The other minor peaks observed may be due to the absorbance of the organic molecules.…”

A study on influence of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) on green gram (Vigna radiata L.) and earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae L.)

“…Impact of SPIONs on Eudrilus eugeniae 3.3.1. Effect on phenotypic character and reproduction Due to the accumulation of SPIONs in the epithelium of earthworms, the color of the Earthworm was found to get darker with increasing concentrations but no mortality was observed in the Earthworms, Samrot et al (2017Samrot et al ( , 2018b also reported similar observations when earthworms were exposed to magnetite and gold nanoparticles. The accumulation of nanoparticles has also affected the reproduction rate of earthworms.…”

“…From the results, it is observed that the synthesized SPIONs show maximum absorbance near 420 nm followed by a blunt peak in the range of 450 nm-540 nm (figure 1). Kumar et al (2015) has stated that the absorption peak for Fe 3 O 4 appeared at 492 nm while Samrot et al (2017) reported peak absorbance near 250-260 nm for SPIONs, these discrepancies in the absorption spectra could be due to the varying size and composition of SPIONs as a contributing factor.…”

Eco-friendly biosynthesis, anticancer drug loading and cytotoxic effect of capped Ag-nanoparticles against breast cancer

“…This resulted in a statistically significant effect (P \ 0.05) in Table 2. The 40 SV sample shows 50% mortality of earthworms after 1 h and 100% mortality after 2-3 h. The 30SV samples are more effective at 12 lg mL -1 concentration compared to 6 lg mL -1 , while both 10 SV and 20 SV samples show 25% mortality of earthworms after 2-3 h. However, this work reveals the cytotoxic effect of NP against the soil organism, Lumbricina, and recommends that proper disposal of the NPs to the environment needs to be planned (Samrot et al 2017). …”