“…In recent years, several studies have been conducted on oil cleaning using natural materials, such as cotton [5,[9][10][11], kapok fiber [5,11], peat [12], wheat and barley straw [13,14], palm tree leaves or pith waste [15,16] banana trunk fibers [16,17], different cellulose-based materials [18,19], and natural sponge [6], among others. For sustainable and effective oil spill treatment, bio-based materials should be studied extensively, as one material is unlikely to be suitable in all possible oil spill scenarios [8].…”