A Study of the Relationship Between Airborne Contaminants and Environmental Factors in Dutch Swine Confinement Buildings

Attwood, P.; Brouwer, R.; Ruigewaard, P.; Versloot, Pieter; Wit, Reini de; Heederik, Dick; Boleij, J.S.M.

doi:10.1202/0002-8894(1987)048<0745:asotrb>2.0.co;2

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The endotoxin concentrations increased with the number of cattle, but only up to the highest quartile. This might be due to the fact that in these colline to subalpine areas, farms with larger numbers of cattle usually own modern stables with better ventilation systems that are known to reduce airborne endotoxin concentrations in swine stables [25]. Similarly, the positive association between hay feeding and endotoxin levels compared to feeding of silage and hay might be interpreted as indicating more traditional farming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of endotoxin levels in living environments of farmers' children and their peers from rural areas

Waser

Schierl²,

Mutius³

et al. 2004

Clin Experimental Allergy

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These results demonstrate that regular contact to farm animals increases indoor home endotoxin concentrations, both in farm and non-farm children, and might thus explain the protective effect of contact to livestock on atopic outcomes. To assess children's individual exposure to a microbial environment, measures of mattress dust exposure are needed as stable endotoxin concentrations were not associated with indoor home levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of endotoxin levels in living environments of farmers' children and their peers from rural areas

Waser

Schierl²,

Mutius³

et al. 2004

Clin Experimental Allergy

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“…17 LPS is a component of endotoxin present in the walls of Gram negative bacteria. A correlation between symptoms, IL-6 response in BAL fluid and serum, and increased bronchial responsiveness with exposure to contents of endotoxin in swine dust has been shown 10.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of IL-8 production in human alveolar macrophages and human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro by swine dust

Palmberg

Larsson

Malmberg

et al. 1998

Thorax

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Background-Exposure to swine dust causes an intense airway inflammation with increased levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and predominantly neutrophils in the nasal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of healthy human subjects. It is not clear which components in the swine house environment are responsible for the airway reaction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the eVect in vitro of swine dust components on human alveolar macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells. Methods-Normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE), human pulmonary epithelial carcinoma cell line (A549), and human alveolar macrophages were stimulated with swine dust, lipopolysaccharides (LPS; present in Gram negative bacteria), grain dust (swine feed components), and glucans (a structural component of fungi) in a dose response manner (1-100 µg/ml). Results-Swine dust at a concentration of 100 µg/ml increased IL-8 production 20 fold in NHBE cells, 28 fold in A549 cells, and 15 fold in macrophages. LPS (100 µg/ml) stimulated all three cell types significantly, in macrophages to the same extent as swine dust, but in NHBE and A549 cells swine dust was 5-8 times as potent. Grain dust (100 µg/ml) had no eVect in A549 cells but stimulated NHBE cells and macrophages. Glucans (100 µg/ ml) stimulated A549 cells and macrophages but not NHBE cells. Both glucans and grain dust were weaker stimuli than swine dust and LPS. The LPS content of swine dust solution was 2.16 (0.2) ng/ 100 µg and of grain dust was 0.53 (0.04) ng/ 100 µg. Conclusions-Swine dust is a strong stimulus for IL-8 production in both bronchial epithelial cells and human alveolar macrophages, whereas LPS has diVerent potency in these cells. (Thorax 1998;53:260-264)

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“…Of the bacteria, Gram positive organisms were the most common (86%), with Enterococci 7%, Gram negative 2%, and others unidentified 5%. 0-02 0-002-009 0-03 Ammonia (ppm) 9 3-3-25 5 Figure 1 summarises the most significant findings from the questionnaire designed to assess work related symptoms. Symptoms of cough or phlegm were common, with 60% of the workers reporting cough and 40% reporting cough with phlegm.…”

Section: Environmental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High concentrations of hydrogen sulphide were found when manure stored in liquid form was agitated.4 A recent report of a study in the Netherlands of 171 swine buildings corroborated these results. 5 Curtis et al studied airborne bacteria in swine buildings and found that around 30% of the airborne Accepted 11 January 1988 31 bacteria were less than 5 microns in diameter. 6 They concluded that the airborne dust was mainly feed dust.…”

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confidence: 99%

Environmental and health studies of farm workers in Swedish swine confinement buildings.

Donham

Haglind

Peterson

et al. 1989

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

234

265

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The relation between the health of workers and the environment in swine confinement buildings was investigated in a study of 57 workers on 30 swine farms in southern Sweden and 55 matched controls. Swine workers reported significantly higher frequencies of respiratory symptoms, more frequent colds and absence due to chest illness, and a history of pneumonia. The increased frequency of symptoms of respiratory disease was related to the number of years and per cent of the day spent working with swine. Symptoms were also associated with respirable dust, total dust, endotoxin in total dust, and number of microbes in the air of the work environment.

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A Study of the Relationship Between Airborne Contaminants and Environmental Factors in Dutch Swine Confinement Buildings

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Determinants of endotoxin levels in living environments of farmers' children and their peers from rural areas

Determinants of endotoxin levels in living environments of farmers' children and their peers from rural areas

Induction of IL-8 production in human alveolar macrophages and human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro by swine dust

Environmental and health studies of farm workers in Swedish swine confinement buildings.

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