A Study of the Reaction Kinetics of Polyisocyanurate Foam Formulations using                 Real-time FTIR

Romero, Richard R.; Grigsby, Robert A.; Rister, E. L.; Pratt, Jennifer K.; Ridgway, D.H.

doi:10.1177/0021955x05055115

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The increase of the peaks' magnitude for vibrations of isocyanate groups, carbonyl bonds, and polyisocyanurate rings, marked as I, II, and III, respectively, was noted. As mentioned above, their intensity was noticeably increasing with the rise of IISO [56].…”

Section: Ftir Spectra Analysissupporting

confidence: 61%

Study on the Structure-Property Dependences of Rigid PUR-PIR Foams Obtained from Marine Biomass-Based Biopolyol

et al. 2020

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The paper describes the preparation and characterization of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PUR-PIR) foams obtained with biopolyol synthesized in the process of liquefaction of biomass from the Baltic Sea. The obtained foams differed in the content of biopolyol in polyol mixture (0–30 wt%) and the isocyanate index (IISO = 200, 250, and 300). The prepared foams were characterized in terms of processing parameters (processing times, synthesis temperature), physical (sol fraction content, apparent density) and chemical structure (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), microstructure (computer microtomography), as well as mechanical (compressive strength, dynamic mechanical analysis), and thermal properties (thermogravimetric analysis, thermal conductivity coefficient). The influence of biopolyol and IISO content on the above properties was determined. The addition of up to 30 wt% of biopolyol increased the reactivity of the polyol mixture, and the obtained foams showed enhanced mechanical, thermal, and insulating properties compared to foams prepared solely with petrochemical polyol. The addition of up to 30 wt% of biopolyol did not significantly affect the chemical structure and average cell size. With the increase in IISO, a slight decrease in processing times and mechanical properties was observed. As expected, foams with higher IISO exhibited a higher relative concentration of polyisocyanurate groups in their chemical structure, which was confirmed using principal component analysis (PCA).

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Section: Ftir Spectra Analysissupporting

confidence: 61%

Study on the Structure-Property Dependences of Rigid PUR-PIR Foams Obtained from Marine Biomass-Based Biopolyol

et al. 2020

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“…Catalysts were used to promote the gelling (urethane linkage) and blowing (urea linkage) reactions. However, these catalysts are also known to have some activity at promoting isocyanurate formation . In summary, the ATR results showed that the bark polyols reacted with isocyanate, leaving only a small residual NCO peak, and produced a mixture of urea and urethane linkages, consistent with a typical PUF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Studies on the kinetics of polyurethane reactions have been traditionally studied by ATR/FTIR, the adiabatic temperature profile, and by novel methods looking at changes in resistivity . However, the foaming kinetics of the PUFs made from liquefied polyols have not been examined to the same extent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane foams made from liquefied bark‐based polyols

D’Souza

Camargo

Yan

2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Liquefaction is known to be an effective method for converting biomass into a polyol. However, the relationships between bark liquefaction conditions and properties of the resulting foams are unclear. In this study, polyurethane foams (PUF) were made using bark‐based polyols obtained through liquefaction reactions of bark at two different temperatures (90 and 130°C). Through systematic characterization of the PUFs the influence of the liquefied bark and liquefaction conditions on foam properties could be observed. The bark‐based foams had similar foaming kinetics, thermal stability, and glass transition temperatures compared with the PEG‐based control foam. The bark‐based PUF from the polyol obtained at the higher liquefaction temperature showed comparable specific compressive strength to the PEG‐based control foam. Lastly, both bark foams exhibited a high amount of open‐cell content, with the foam made from the lower temperature liquefied polyol having poor cell morphology. This deviation from the controls in the open‐cell content may explain the lower modulus values observed in the bark PUFs due to the lack of cell membrane elastic stretching as a strengthening mechanism. These results demonstrated the influence of the bark liquefaction conditions on foam properties, thereby providing a better fundamental understanding for the practical application of bark‐based PUFs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40599.

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“…PURs are made by the exothermic reactions between alcohols with two or more reactive hydroxyl groups (-OH) per molecule (diols, triols, polyols) and isocyanates that have more than one reactive isocyanate group (-NCO) per molecule (diisocyanates, polyisocyanates). Isocyanurate forms via trimerization of isocyanate as a side reaction during PUR formation [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Various Isocyanate Indices Based on Polyols from Rapeseed Oil and Waste PET

et al. 2020

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Developing polyols derived from natural sources and recycling materials attracts great interest for use in replacing petroleum-based polyols in polyurethane production. In this study, rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams with various isocyanate indices were obtained from polyols based on rapeseed oil and polyethylene terephthalate (RO/PET). The various properties of the prepared PUR foams were investigated, and the effect of the isocyanate index was evaluated. The closed-cell content and water absorption were not impacted by the change of the isocyanate index. The most significant effect of increasing the isocyanate index was on the dimensional stability of the resulting foams. This is due to the increased crosslink density, as evidenced by the increased formation of isocyanurate and increase of the glass transition temperature. Additionally, the influence on compression strength, modulus, and long-term thermal conductivity were evaluated and compared with reference PUR foams from commercially available polyols. Rigid PUR foams from RO/PET polyol were found to be competitive with reference materials and could be used as thermal insulation material.

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A Study of the Reaction Kinetics of Polyisocyanurate Foam Formulations using Real-time FTIR

Cited by 31 publications

References 17 publications

Study on the Structure-Property Dependences of Rigid PUR-PIR Foams Obtained from Marine Biomass-Based Biopolyol

Study on the Structure-Property Dependences of Rigid PUR-PIR Foams Obtained from Marine Biomass-Based Biopolyol

Polyurethane foams made from liquefied bark‐based polyols

Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Various Isocyanate Indices Based on Polyols from Rapeseed Oil and Waste PET

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