A study of the prevalence of rotavirus infection in children with gastroenteritis admitted to an infectious diseases hospital

Birch, Christopher; Lewis, F. A.; Kennett, Margery L.; Homola, Margit; Pritchard, Helen; Gust, Ian D.

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890010109

Cited by 48 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Typical winter peaks in the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis were observed Birch et al 1977;Yolken et al 1978). Brandt et al (1983), in their study on viral gastroenteritis in children over eight years, note 'the clockwise precision of annual waves of rotavirus infections' or 'outbreaks' with the percentage of patients showing a demonstrable rotavirus infection steadily rising from September to January and then steadily declining to August.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of human rotaviruses: Analysis of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Glasgow and the west of Scotland 1981/82 and 1982/83

Follett

Sanders

Beards

et al. 1984

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThe molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections in Glasgow and the west of Scotland during 1981/82 and 1982/83 was investigated by electron microscopy, ELISA testing and RNA migration pattern analysis. In 1981/82, rotaviruses of both the 'long' and the 'short 'electropherotype (in different variants) co-circulated from the onset throughout the winter peak of the outbreak. Approximately 80 o of the children were infected during the first year of life. No differences in incidence were found between sexes. In 1982/83 the isolated rotaviruses were almost exclusively of the 'long' electropherotype (in different variants) and 360 of the children were infected beyond the first year of life. Rotaviruses of the 'long' electropherotype serologically were of subgroup ii and serotype 1 and those of the 'short' electropherotype of subgroup i and serotype 2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of human rotaviruses: Analysis of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Glasgow and the west of Scotland 1981/82 and 1982/83

Follett

Sanders

Beards

et al. 1984

J. Hyg.

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“…Rotaviruses were first discovered in humans 15 years ago by Bishop et al (18,19) by the EM examination of duodenal mucosal epithelial cells obtained by duodenal biopsy of a group of Australian children hospitalized with nonbacterial gastroenteritis. In the same month, Flewett et al (109) described similar reoviruslike particles seen by EM in stool specimens from patients with gastroenteritis in the United Kingdom.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Norwalk-like viruses (6,87,187,278,401), caliciviruses (112,231), astroviruses, (229,230), and possibly coronaviUntil 15 years ago, the causes of acute nonbacterial ruses (322). The common enteroviruses are associated with gastroenteritis were unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The common enteroviruses are associated with gastroenteritis were unknown. However, during the 1970s, a relatively few cases of viral gastroenteritis (15). The various number of viruses associated with this clinical syndrome viral agents were discovered by the method of electron were discovered, and their presence in the stools of patients microscopy (EM), using EM to examine stools or intestinal with gastroenteritis were eventually correlated with the biopsies from these patients (18,33,110,253).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human viral gastroenteritis

Christensen

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

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During the last 15 years, several different groups of fastidious viruses that are responsible for a large proportion of acute viral gastroenteritis cases have been discovered by the electron microscopic examination of stool specimens. This disease is one of the most prevalent and serious clinical syndromes seen around the world, especially in children. Rotaviruses, in the family Reoviridae, and fastidious fecal adenoviruses account for much of the viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children, whereas the small caliciviruses and unclassified astroviruses, and possibly enteric coronaviruses, are responsible for significantly fewer cases overall. In addition to electron microscopy, enzyme immunoassays and other rapid antigen detection systems have been developed to detect rotaviruses and fastidious fecal adenoviruses in the stool specimens of both nonhospitalized patients and those hospitalized for dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Experimental rotavirus vaccines have also been developed, due to the prevalence and seriousness of rotavirus infection. The small, unclassified Norwalk virus and morphologically similar viruses are responsible for large and small outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in older children, adolescents, and adults. Hospitalization of older patients infected with these viruses is usually not required, and their laboratory diagnoses have been limited primarily to research laboratories.

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“…Since then, the role of rotaviruses as one of the important causes of gastroenteritis has been established throughout the world. In developed countries, rotavirus was found to be the most common enteropathogen, accounting for 42 to 96% of such infections in infants and children with diarrhea and dehydration [7,[9][10][11]. In the United States, the gastroenteritis agent considered a high priority for vaccine development is rotavirus [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Rotaviral Gastroenteritis at a Referral Centre in Saudi Arabia

Al‐Dayel

et al. 1991

Ann Saudi Med

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The incidence of gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus was investigated at a referral hospital in Saudi Arabia over a period of 4.5 years. Of the 1,729 patients with suspected infection, 547 (31.6%) were positive for rotavirus infection. Most were inpatients (65) and 75.7% of the patients were under 12 years of age. Of the 414 positive patients under 12 years of age, 63% were inpatients. Similarly, 74.4% of the 25-year and older group were inpatients. However, 40.3% of them were abnormal hosts because they either harbored neoplasms or had undergone bone marrow transplantation.MN Al-Ahdal, SMH Qadri, F Al-Dayel, GY Khan, BA Cunha, Incidence of Rotaviral Gastroenteritis at a Referral Centre in Saudi Arabia. 1991; 11(1): 19-22 Gastroenteritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing as well as industrialized countries [1,2]. The etiology of the disease can be bacterial, parasitic, or viral. Two major viral agents are implicated; Norwalk virus is primarily associated with outbreaks of gastroenteritis in school, community, or family environments, and affects both children and adults. Rotavirus, on the other hand, has been known to cause both sporadic and epidemic cases of infantile gastroenteritis throughout the world [3]. In general, as much as 50% of the cases of diarrheal disease in hospitalized pediatric patients have been reported to be caused by rotavirus. Four reports have described the incidence of rotavirus infection among infants and children below 3 years of age in Saudi Arabia [4][5][6][7]. These studies reported 77 positive samples out of a total of 439 specimens tested. We describe our experience over a period of 4.5 years in 1,729 pediatric and adult patients at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, which is a major referral medical centre in Saudi Arabia. Material and MethodsDetection of rotavirus in the feces of patients with gastroenteritis was performed by two methods. All diarrheal stool samples were examined by electron microscopy and an enzyme immunoassay test. All formed stool samples wereexamined by the enzyme immunoassay procedure. Fecal material for electron microscopical examination was prepared by making a 20% stool suspension in 0.01M phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.6. The suspension was sedimented at 1500 rpm for 10 min in a refrigerated Beekman TJ6 centrifuge. The supernatant was negatively stained with 2% phosphotungstic acid on a 3-mm, 400-mesh Formvar-coated grid and examined by a JOEL 100B transmission electron microscope.Enzyme immunoassay was performed to detect rotaviral antigens in all fecal specimens with a Rotazyme II kit Incidence of Rotaviral Gastroenteritis at a Referral Centre in Saudi Arabia(Abbott Diagnostics, Irvine, TX), used according to manufacturer's directions. This test employs polystyrene beads that are coated with guinea pig antirotavirus antibodies. Fecal material was prepared by making a 10% suspension in Rotazyme II sample diluent and incubated with the antibody-coated beads for 1 hr at 37°C. After washing three times with d...

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A study of the prevalence of rotavirus infection in children with gastroenteritis admitted to an infectious diseases hospital

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Molecular epidemiology of human rotaviruses: Analysis of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Glasgow and the west of Scotland 1981/82 and 1982/83

Molecular epidemiology of human rotaviruses: Analysis of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Glasgow and the west of Scotland 1981/82 and 1982/83

Human viral gastroenteritis

Incidence of Rotaviral Gastroenteritis at a Referral Centre in Saudi Arabia

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