A Spheroidal Vector Wave Function Analysis of Field and SAR Distributions in a Dielectric Prolate Spheroidal Human Head Model

Kang, Xi; Li, L. W.; Leong, Mook‐Seng; Kooi, P.S.

doi:10.2528/pier98090901

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(14 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In particular, we sought to use a TEM-cell based system, which is different from previous studies [11][12][13][14], where the thermal effect was studied using an open system. This project also identified a need for and aimed to develop an integrated system which could…”

Section: Wu Cox and Kongmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experimental Methodology for Non-Thermal Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation on Biologics

Wu¹,

Cox²,

Kong³

2007

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A complete test system comprising assembled hardware and custom-built software was developed for investigating whether RF-ID radiation produces significant effects in biologics. Furthermore, we document a method for determining specific absorption rate (S.A.R.) using vials containing 1.5 cc of saline to represent biological samples. This methodology yielded S.A.R. values of approximately 30 W kg −1 -150 W kg −1 for 915 MHz and 320 W kg −1 -450 W kg −1 for 2.45 GHz. Finally, the key system components -the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell, vial, and saline solution -were modelled using a FDTD software. Through modelling, we obtained values for the absorption as a percentage of the incident power -0.2% for 915 MHz and 7.32% for 2.45 GHz. These values approximately matched those calculated -0.36% for 915 MHz and 5.0% for 2.45 GHz.

show abstract

Section: Wu Cox and Kongmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experimental Methodology for Non-Thermal Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation on Biologics

Wu¹,

Cox²,

Kong³

2007

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is important to investigate the SAR value produced by the radiation from the mobile handsets in designing antennas for mobile handsets. Many studies on the SAR value of a single antenna for mobile handsets have been carried out in different frequency bands [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Since the use of adaptive array antennas is one of the most effective ways of increasing the spectral efficiency and improving the communication quality in the mobile communication system, a great deal of attention has turned to how to design antenna arrays on mobile handsets to meet the needs of significantly higher bit-rates for the next-generation wireless communications [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile communication systems

Parsons¹,

Gardiner²

2002

Choice Reviews Online

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper we evaluate the potential of a 5-element monopole array incorporated into a handheld device for beamforming in the 5.0-GHz band. The geometry of the handset consists of a 5-element array: four elements located at the handset corners and the fifth-element located at the center. Also, the interaction of the antenna array, mounted on a mobile handset, with a human head phantom is investigated. Firstly, the spatial peak specific absorption rate (SAR) values of 5-element array antennas for mobile handsets in the vicinity of a spherical phantom of a human head are evaluated numerically as a function of the distance between the handset and the head phantom for two different scenarios. Next, the effect of the human head on the handset radiation pattern is studied. The effect of different handset positions on the radiation pattern is also considered. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the complex excitations of the adaptive arrays elements in a mutual coupling environment for beamforming synthesis. All numerical simulations are performed using the FEKO Suite 5.3

show abstract

“…High-resolution models of the human head derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans [22] can provide accurate results, however such a detailed model requires a lot of computational time in the numerical methods [23]. Compared with a real head, flat and cubic model of head may cause considerable changes in antenna loading [15].…”

Section: Head and Hand Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Dual Band Helical and Pifa Handset Antennas With Human Head and Hand

Ebrahimi-Ganjeh¹,

Attari²

2007

PIER

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Helical antenna and planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) are two commonly used handset antennas. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the performance of a dual band PIFA and a dual band helical antenna designed for operating in GSM900 and DCS1800 frequency bands. Radiation patterns and VSWR of these antennas are computed in free space as well as in the presence of head and hand. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the helical antenna is calculated and compared with that of the PIFA handset antenna. The peak average SAR in the head is compared with SAR limits in the safety standards and so the maximum radiation power of each antenna is determined. In addition, radiation efficiencies of these handset antennas are computed in the presence of head and hand. All numerical simulations are performed using the Ansoft HFSS software. Numerical simulations results are in good agreement with published measurement results.

show abstract

A Spheroidal Vector Wave Function Analysis of Field and SAR Distributions in a Dielectric Prolate Spheroidal Human Head Model

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental Methodology for Non-Thermal Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation on Biologics

Experimental Methodology for Non-Thermal Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation on Biologics

Mobile communication systems

Interaction of Dual Band Helical and Pifa Handset Antennas With Human Head and Hand

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About