Experimental Methodology for Non-Thermal Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation on Biologics

Abstract

A complete test system comprising assembled hardware and custom-built software was developed for investigating whether RF-ID radiation produces significant effects in biologics. Furthermore, we document a method for determining specific absorption rate (S.A.R.) using vials containing 1.5 cc of saline to represent biological samples. This methodology yielded S.A.R. values of approximately 30 W kg −1 -150 W kg −1 for 915 MHz and 320 W kg −1 -450 W kg −1 for 2.45 GHz. Finally, the key system components -the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell, vial, and saline solution -were modelled using a FDTD software. Through modelling, we obtained values for the absorption as a percentage of the incident power -0.2% for 915 MHz and 7.32% for 2.45 GHz. These values approximately matched those calculated -0.36% for 915 MHz and 5.0% for 2.45 GHz.

Design Analysis of Ferrite Sheet Attachment for Sar Reduction in Human Head

“…The head models used in this study was obtained from MRI-based head model through the whole brain Atlas website. Six types of tissues, i.e., bone, brain, muscle, eye ball, fat, and skin were involved in this model [22][23][24][25][26]. Table 2 shows their dielectric properties [23,24].…”

“…A helix antenna was modeled for this paper by thin-wire approximation. Simulations of ferrite sheet are performed by FDTD method with Lossy-Drude Model [23][24][25][26]. The method is utilized to understand the wave propagation characteristics of ferrite sheet.…”

A 2.45 GHZ Reentarnt Coaxial Cavity for Liguid Sterilization Based on Non-Thermal Microwave Effect

“…The thermal effect is that after the organism absorbs microwave energy, its temperature rises, which could cause all sorts of biological function changes in the cell internally. The nonthermal effect is that the organism does not have any detectable rise of temperature, but has many changes in the physiology, biochemistry and in its function [6]. The thermal reaction and its mechanism of sterilization using electromagnetic wave have been widely accepted [6][7][8][9].…”

“…The nonthermal effect is that the organism does not have any detectable rise of temperature, but has many changes in the physiology, biochemistry and in its function [6]. The thermal reaction and its mechanism of sterilization using electromagnetic wave have been widely accepted [6][7][8][9]. The non-thermal effect has been a research hotspot in recent years [10].…”

Breast Cancer Detection Using a Hybrid Finite Difference Frequency Domain and Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques

“…The most important ones are ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast enhancement, but no one of these methods is used in routine cancer screening. These methods cannot detect the early signs of cancer, so they have importance in later diagnostics to verify the malignity of the breast tissue [4][5][6][7].…”