A simplified mathematical model to predict PVC photodegradation in photobioreactors

D’Aquino, Camila Agner; Balmant, Wellington; Ribeiro, Robert Luis Lara; Munaro, Marilda; Vargas, J.V.C.; Amico, Sandro Campos

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2012.03.002

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, oxidised samples (PVC 2000 T and PVC 2000 UV) remain at a pH of 7.5. HCl was liberated during the photooxidative degradation of PVC, [40] which reacted with CaCO 3 and stabilised the pH in the leaching experiment.…”

Section: Colour Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant release from aged microplastic

et al. 2017

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Environmental context. Increasing global plastic production adds plastic debris to the environment. We show that potentially harmful additives present in plastic particles are released to water at an increased rate when material properties change by aging due to exposure to high temperature and especially to UV radiation. For risk assessment of such plastic additives, more information on their degradation products and their toxicity is needed.Abstract. Recycled plastic granules of high-density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene the size of microplastics were exposed to artificial aging conditions (2000 h; photooxidative and thermo-oxidative) to simulate their fate outdoors. Their potential to leach into water during the aging process was investigated using column percolation tests. Aging-related changes on the surface of the material were characterised by IR measurements indicating oxidation reactions with the formation of new adsorption bands (C=O, C-O and OH), especially in the case of photooxidative aging. These findings were confirmed by the identification of leachable organic compounds. Leaching of total organic carbon, Cl, Ca, Cu and Zn is clearly affected by changes due to aging, and their release is increased after photooxidative aging. In general, exposure to photooxidative conditions shows a greater influence on aging and thus on leaching and seems to be the more important mechanism for the aging of microplastic in the environment. Comparison with the total content of inorganic species revealed that, for most elements, less than 3% of the total content is released after 2000 h of photooxidative aging.

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Section: Colour Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant release from aged microplastic

et al. 2017

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“…Polymeric materials, which are exposed to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, heat, and moisture, despite of other stress parameters, degrade through processes known as weathering . Weathering of polymeric materials has been the most challenging issue in recent years and due to the increasing use of these substances, their degradation or stability processes has become an area of intense investigations .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mathematical modeling of polymer aging processes may give a great view on how these complex processes and different parameters can affect polymers degradation . It is of great importance to be able to estimate the rate of photo‐oxidation of a solid polymer, because it enables researchers to predict the polymeric materials lifetime and also to evaluate the effect of various additives on the stability of polymers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is of great importance to be able to estimate the rate of photo‐oxidation of a solid polymer, because it enables researchers to predict the polymeric materials lifetime and also to evaluate the effect of various additives on the stability of polymers . The rate of degradation can be affected by the polymer structure, formulation, and also its production process …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable attention has been already paid to the study of different polymers and polymer composites photodegradation, but little evidence has been found for PVC/TiO 2 nanocomposites . Similarly, few studies have been reported on the mathematical modeling for evaluating the kinetic parameters of photodegradation process of PVC/TiO 2 (nano)composites; as their main interests on kinetic studies focused on using the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 for disposal purposes. Hence, the present research devoted to study the photostability of PVC nanocomposites by adding TiO 2 nanoparticles, as UV absorber, into the polymer matrix, and a mathematical model for this photodegradation process was proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic study of the poly(vinyl chloride)/titanium dioxide nanocomposites photodegradation under accelerated ultraviolet and visible light exposure

Mehmandoust

Alizadeh

Babaluo

2014

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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In the present study, poly(vinyl chloride)/titanium dioxide (PVC/TiO2) nanocomposite films containing different amounts of synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles and commercial rutile powder were irradiated for 5112 hr, under exposure of artificial ultraviolet and visible lights in three different intensities. The rate of degradation was determined by using weight loss data and was found to follow a pseudo‐first order kinetic model. To determine the overall rate constant of degradation, k, a possible mechanism of the photodegradation was considered. The rate equation demonstrated k as a function of TiO2 concentration and irradiation intensity at each wavelength. The overall rate constant of PVC/TiO2 samples were calculated to be varied in the range of 6–16 × 10−7 hr−1, at all investigated conditions. The kinetic study represented that by adding synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles, even at low content, and with increasing their concentration, the photodegradation rate of nanocomposites decreased considerably compared with the composite samples. Likewise, by adding nanoparticles, a significant increase in the nanocomposites lifetime was achieved. The effect of irradiation intensity was investigated according to the reciprocity law experiments, and it was found that photodegradation occurred in two regimes with respect to irradiation intensity. The calculated overall rate constants were validated by the experimental data. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Degradation of Plastics in the Environment

2015

Plastics and Environmental Sustainability

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A simplified mathematical model to predict PVC photodegradation in photobioreactors

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Contaminant release from aged microplastic

Contaminant release from aged microplastic

Kinetic study of the poly(vinyl chloride)/titanium dioxide nanocomposites photodegradation under accelerated ultraviolet and visible light exposure

Degradation of Plastics in the Environment

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