Contaminant release from aged microplastic

Bandow, Nicole; Will, Verena; Wachtendorf, Volker; Simon, Franz‐Georg

doi:10.1071/en17064

Cited by 194 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This UVdependent effect is in accordance with a leaching study by Bandow et al (2017) 47 that detected more explicit leaching of both inorganic and organic compounds in UV-A-irradiated than in merely thermo-oxidized polymer samples. 47 Small reactive molecules have the capacity to induce oxidative stress. 48 Gewert et al (2018) 24 tentatively identified lowmolecular weight fragments with oxidized end groups as degradation products of PE, PET, PP, and PS, applying the identical UV aging setup used here.…”

Section: Environmental Science and Technologysupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Leachates from UV-Weathered Microplastic in Cell-Based Bioassays

Rummel

Escher

Sandblom

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

100

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Standard ecotoxicological testing of microplastic does not provide insight into the influence that environmental weathering by, e.g., UV light has on related effects. In this study, we leached chemicals from plastic into artificial seawater during simulated UV-induced weathering. We tested largely additive-free preproduction polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, and polystyrene and two types of plastic obtained from electronic equipment as positive controls. Leachates were concentrated by solid-phase extraction and dosed into cell-based bioassays that cover (i) cytotoxicity; (ii) activation of metabolic enzymes via binding to the arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ); (iii) specific, receptor-mediated effects (estrogenicity, ERα); and (iv) adaptive response to oxidative stress (AREc32). LC-HRMS analysis was used to identify possible chain-scission products of polymer degradation, which were then tested in AREc32 and PPARγ. Explicit activation of all assays by the positive controls provided proof-of-concept of the experimental setup to demonstrate effects of chemicals liberated during weathering. All plastic leachates activated the oxidative stress response, in most cases with increased induction by UV-treated samples compared to dark controls. For PPARγ, polyethylene-specific effects were partially explained by the detected dicarboxylic acids. Since the preproduction plastic showed low effects often in the range of the blanks future studies should investigate implications of weathering on end consumer products containing additives.

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Section: Environmental Science and Technologysupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Leachates from UV-Weathered Microplastic in Cell-Based Bioassays

Rummel

Escher

Sandblom

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Plastics are used worldwide because they are cheap, lightweight, durable, and corrosion-resistant [1][2][3]. The global plastics output was 311 million tons in 2014 [4], and the global demand for plastics has increased by about 245 million tons each year [5]. The rapid growth in production and applications of plastics has also raised many scientific concerns [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption Behavior and Mechanisms of Organic Contaminants to Nano and Microplastics

et al. 2020

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Nano and microplastics (NPs/MPs) have received widespread attention in recent years. Because of their large specific surface area and hydrophobicity, NPs/MPs can adsorb various organic contaminants. This article gives a brief review of the sorption behavior of organic contaminants to NPs/MPs, summarizes the possible sorption mechanisms, and analyzes the influencing factors in the environment on the sorption behavior and mechanisms of NPs/MPs. The main mechanisms of sorption of organic contaminants to NPs/MPs are partitioning, surface sorption (hydrogen bonding, π–π interaction, electrostatic interaction, and van der Waals force), and pore filling. The sorption behavior of organic contaminants to NPs/MPs is not only affected by the properties of the NPs/MPs and the organic contaminants, but also by the solution chemistry, such as the pH, ionic strength, and dissolved organic matter.

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“…Furthermore, MPs can be degraded under ultraviolet (UV) light, affecting their adsorption capacity of heavy metals. Brennecke et al (2016) observed that more copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) can be adsorbed on aging PVC debris, while Bandow et al (2017) found that the desorption of Cu from high-density polyethylene (HDPE), PVC, and PS under UV exposure for 2,000 h increased by 7.6, 2.9, and 14.8 times, respectively. A recent review showed that heavy metals adsorbed on MPs, such as mercury (Hg) and Pb, are linked with autism spectrum disorders observed in children (Ye et al 2017).…”

Section: Adsorption Of Heavy Metals On Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics in Wastewater

Khan¹,

Cheng²,

Hafeez

et al. 2020

Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment

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Microplastics (MPs) are unregulated and emerging contaminants, which are continuously released due to human activities in the environment through several pathways. The presence of MPs poses threats to the environment, organisms, and human health. The discharge of treated effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a major source of MP input, especially in the form of microfibers, into the aquatic environment, whereas the application of sludge and compost is a crucial pathway transferring MPs to terrestrial environment. Meanwhile, MPs are produced from industrial processes and the use of plastic consumer goods and personal care products. MPs become more hazardous when they adsorb persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals or attach with pathogenic microorganisms from wastewater and sludge. However, there is little comprehensive information available about the collaborative role of wastewater and sludge in MP contamination. Studies about remediation strategies and their removal mechanisms of MPs in WWTPs are limited. Therefore, it is important to develop cost-effective detection methods of MPs for routine monitoring in wastewater and sludge samples and understanding of fate and inhibitory effects of MPs in wastewater and sludge treatment processes, before developing the mitigation measures of MP contamination. This chapter summarizes the sources and pathways of MPs, discusses the impacts of MPs on environment and human health, and reviews the current practices on detection, quantification, and qualification of MPs. In addition, this chapter provides insights into the source control of MPs through polices and education.

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Contaminant release from aged microplastic

Cited by 194 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of Leachates from UV-Weathered Microplastic in Cell-Based Bioassays

Effects of Leachates from UV-Weathered Microplastic in Cell-Based Bioassays

Sorption Behavior and Mechanisms of Organic Contaminants to Nano and Microplastics

Microplastics in Wastewater

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