A simple non invasive computerized method for the assessment of bone repair within osteoconductive porous bioceramic grafts

Beltrame, Francesco; Cancedda, Ranieri; Canesi, Barbara; Crovace, Antonio; Mastrogiacomo, Maddalena; Quarto, Rodolfo; Scaglione, Silvia; Valastro, Carmela; Viti, Federica

doi:10.1002/bit.20591

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Unlike such systems, which typically have a maximum spatial resolution of about 1 mm 3 , micro-CT is capable to achieve a spatial resolution of the order of 1 μm 3 . In particular, synchrotron radiation offers the possibility to select X-rays with a small energy bandwidth from the wide and continuous energy spectrum and, at the same time, it guarantees a high enough photon flux for efficient imaging [28][29][30]. Moreover, the use of synchrotron radiation allows to tune the selected photon energy in order to optimize the contrast of the different phases in the investigated samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-CT studies on 3-D bioactive glass–ceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study was the preparation and characterization of bioactive glass-ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. For this purpose, a glass belonging to the system SiO2-P2O5-CaO-MgO-Na2O-K2O (CEL2) was used. The sponge-replication method was adopted to prepare the scaffolds; specifically, a polymeric skeleton was impregnated with a slurry containing CEL2 powder, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binding agent and distilled water. The impregnated sponge was then thermally treated to remove the polymeric phase and to sinter the inorganic one. The obtained scaffolds possessed an open and interconnected porosity, analogous to cancellous bone texture, and with a mechanical strength above 2 MPa. Moreover, the scaffolds underwent partial bioresorption due to ion-leaching phenomena. This feature was investigated by X-ray computed microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Micro-CT is a three-dimensional (3-D) radiographic imaging technique, able to achieve a spatial resolution close to 1 microm(3). The use of synchrotron radiation allows the selected photon energy to be tuned to optimize the contrast among the different phases in the investigated samples. The 3-D scaffolds were soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF) to study the formation of hydroxyapatite microcrystals on the scaffold struts and on the internal pore walls. The 3-D scaffolds were also soaked in a buffer solution (Tris-HCl) for different times to assess the scaffold bioresorption according to the ISO standard. A gradual resorption of the pores walls was observed during the soakings both in SBF and in Tris-HCl.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-CT studies on 3-D bioactive glass–ceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration

et al. 2009

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“…The final pathway, however, remains unchanged: the gross subchondral mechanical failure will ultimately lead to articular collapse and subsequent osteoarthritis. X-ray imaging is one of the most used and common technique to assess bone state and bone remodeling over time (Beltrame et al, 2005). In the present study, according to radiographic and histological analysis, the combined use of ATC incorporated with decalcified bone matrix (DBM) and autogenous bone graft, for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, provides adequate structural support to the subchondral bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Biomaterial‐loaded allograft threaded cage for the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis in a goat model

Yang

Mei

et al. 2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of core decompression with a biomaterial-loaded allograft threaded cage (ATC) for the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis in an established goat model. First, bilateral early-stage osteonecrosis was induced. After core decompression, the remaining goats were randomly divided into three groups: Group A, the goats were left without any treatment; Group B, the goats were treated with implanting a composite of autologous bone and decalcified bone matrix (DBM); Group C, the goats were treated using insertion of ATC loaded with DBM and autogenous bone graft. Then radiographic, histological and biomechanical analysis were taken in each group at 5, 10, and 20 weeks postoperation. In Group A, the classical signs of osteonecrosis of the femoral head were identified 10 weeks after the induction. Twenty weeks later, the density, surface and biomechanical stability of the femoral head were normal in Group C, while an irregular surface and an inhomogeneous microstructure or variation of density/hardness were identified in Group B. The specimens revealed a continuous trabaecular bone structure throughout the cage and extensive bone ingrowth and remodeling in Group C, while fibrous tissue was evident in Group B. Core decompression with a biomaterial loaded ATC almost uniformly delays or arrests the progression of the disease before articular collapse, and it could help to get the balance between bone resorption and new bone formation, strengthen structural mechanics of the femoral head, provide structure support of articular cartilage.

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“…A large amount of newly-formed bone tissue was observed in the bone defects treated with Nurse’s A ceramic, with a resorption rate of 52.62% ± 1.12% and of 47.38% ± 1.24% for the residual biomaterial, after 60 healing days. Other studies have shown that porous HA does not significantly degrade, but remains a permanent fixture susceptible to long-term failure [4,37,38]. Although α- and β-TCP ceramics are degradable at a quicker degradation rate than HA, in vivo osteogenesis of sintered α- and β-TCP ceramics is far from optimal [3,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Structural Study of a Novel Porous Nurse’s A Ceramic with Osteoconductive Properties for Tissue Engineering

et al. 2016

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The characterization process of a new porous Nurse’s A ceramic and the physico chemical nature of the remodeled interface between the implant and the surrounding bone were studied after in vivo implantation. Scaffolds were prepared by a solid-state reaction and implanted in New Zealand rabbits. Animals were sacrificed on days 15, 30, and 60. The porous biomaterial displayed biocompatible, bioresorbable, and osteoconductive capacity. The degradation processes of implants also encouraged osseous tissue ingrowths into the material’s pores, and drastically changed the macro- and microstructure of the implants. After 60 healing days, the resorption rates were 52.62% ± 1.12% for the ceramic and 47.38% ± 1.24% for the residual biomaterial. The elemental analysis showed a gradual diffusion of the Ca and Si ions from the materials into the newly forming bone during the biomaterial’s resorption process. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the residual ceramic revealed some particle categories with different mean Ca/P ratios according to size, and indicated various resorption process stages. Since osteoconductive capacity was indicated for this material and bone ingrowth was possible, it could be applied to progressively substitute an implant.

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A simple non invasive computerized method for the assessment of bone repair within osteoconductive porous bioceramic grafts

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Micro-CT studies on 3-D bioactive glass–ceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration

Micro-CT studies on 3-D bioactive glass–ceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration

Biomaterial‐loaded allograft threaded cage for the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis in a goat model

Morphological and Structural Study of a Novel Porous Nurse’s A Ceramic with Osteoconductive Properties for Tissue Engineering

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