Morphological and Structural Study of a Novel Porous Nurse’s A Ceramic with Osteoconductive Properties for Tissue Engineering

Abstract

The characterization process of a new porous Nurse’s A ceramic and the physico chemical nature of the remodeled interface between the implant and the surrounding bone were studied after in vivo implantation. Scaffolds were prepared by a solid-state reaction and implanted in New Zealand rabbits. Animals were sacrificed on days 15, 30, and 60. The porous biomaterial displayed biocompatible, bioresorbable, and osteoconductive capacity. The degradation processes of implants also encouraged osseous tissue ingrowths into the material’s pores, and drastically changed the macro- and microstructure of the implants. After 60 healing days, the resorption rates were 52.62% ± 1.12% for the ceramic and 47.38% ± 1.24% for the residual biomaterial. The elemental analysis showed a gradual diffusion of the Ca and Si ions from the materials into the newly forming bone during the biomaterial’s resorption process. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the residual ceramic revealed some particle categories with different mean Ca/P ratios according to size, and indicated various resorption process stages. Since osteoconductive capacity was indicated for this material and bone ingrowth was possible, it could be applied to progressively substitute an implant.

Demineralized Bone Matrix Coating Si-Ca-P Ceramic Does Not Improve the Osseointegration of the Scaffold

“…One plausible approach to enhancing bone tissue integration is oxygen and nutrient transport (osteointegration/osseointegration) [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The introduction of cell adhesive molecules has provided promising outcomes for better tissue integration [ 4 ]. Tissue integration can also be promoted by designing chemical biomaterial composition by either changing the surface properties of materials or amending the intrinsic chemical structure via coating, patterning, and grafting [ 3 , 5 ].…”

Nurse’s A-Phase Material Enhance Adhesion, Growth and Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Stromal Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…Compositions belonging to the sub-system Nurse’s A-phase-silicocarnotite within the system Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 –Ca 2 SiO 4 (TCP-C 2 S) are promising candidates for preparing ceramic bone implants [12,13,14]. Nurse’s A-phase is a solid solution with an approximate composition of 7CaO·P 2 O 5 ·2SiO 2 , which has been recently synthesized at temperatures around 1550 °C in our laboratory and represents a good candidate for biomedical applications [14,15,16,17].…”

A New Biphasic Dicalcium Silicate Bone Cement Implant

“…Nevertheless, the most important factor is pore interconnectivity. Additional smaller pores have also been described as being useful for body fluid circulation [43,44]. In our case, this was guaranteed by the intrinsic microporosity of the α´ L + β-C 2 S ss cement paste (Figure 3).…”