A simple method for detecting and quantifying microplastics utilizing fluorescent dyes - Safranine T, fluorescein isophosphate, Nile red based on thermal expansion and contraction property

Liu, Lulu; Qu, Junhao; Yu, Zihua; Chen, Daihuan; Zhou, Chunxia; Hong, Pengzhi; Sun, Song; Li, Chengyong

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113283

Cited by 102 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Control of the occurrence of quenching Previous studies reported the occurrence of quenching at higher concentrations of NR [30,45]. While Erni-Cassola et al recommend a concentration of 10 μg/l to avoid quenching, Shim et al used a concentration of 5 mg/l [26,30].…”

Section: Influence Of Solvent On Emission Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of fluorescent dyes—comparative study of Nile red and three derivatives for the detection of microplastics

Sturm

Horn

Schuhen³

2021

Anal Bioanal Chem

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During the last years, microplastics in the environment came to the fore in environmental science research. For an appropriate risk assessment, it is essential to know the levels of microplastic contamination in the environment. In the field of microplastic detection, extensive research has been carried out in recent years. While common methods such as Raman spectroscopy and pyrolysis GC-MS are time-consuming and require trained staff and expensive equipment, there is the need for a cheap and easily applicable method. Staining microplastics with the fluorescent dye Nile red (NR) has a high potential to fulfill these criteria. In our work, we tested Nile red and newly developed derivatives, with the aim of achieving greater selectivity for plastic particles and more intense fluorescence. In addition, the influence of using different solvents and water at different pH values in the dyeing process was investigated by analyzing solid sample fluorescence spectra of dyed microplastics and natural particles. Finally, the method developed from the acquired knowledge was tested for sea salt.

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Section: Influence Of Solvent On Emission Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of fluorescent dyes—comparative study of Nile red and three derivatives for the detection of microplastics

Sturm

Horn

Schuhen³

2021

Anal Bioanal Chem

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“…The present experiments considered this fact, thus, the increase in weight of especially PA and PS is more indicative concerning an alteration due to an initial degradation at the surface and thus an increase in volume (as was also demonstrated by Hurley et al, 2018) and finally structural changes within the synthetic polymer. Furthermore, the increase in weight also might be a result from the relaxation of the polymer structure and entrapping of water molecules (Lulu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Effects Of Bases On Synthetic Polymers and Biogenic Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastics in the Environment: Understanding Impacts and Identifying Solutions

2021

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open-access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers Journal SeriesThe Frontiers Journal Series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of open-access, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers Journal Series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to QualityEach Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public -and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics?Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

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“…The present experiments considered this fact, thus, the increase in weight of especially PA and PS is more indicative concerning an alteration due to an initial degradation at the surface and thus an increase in volume (as was also demonstrated by Dehaut et al, 2016 andHurley et al, 2018) and finally structural changes within the synthetic polymer. Furthermore, the increase in weight also might be a result from the relaxation of the polymer structure and entrapping of water molecules (Lulu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Effects Of Bases On Synthetic Polymers and Biogenic Organic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Various Digestion Protocols Within Microplastic Sample Processing—Evaluating the Resistance of Different Synthetic Polymers and the Efficiency of Biogenic Organic Matter Destruction

Pfeiffer

Fischer

2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

119

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The digestion of biogenic organic matter is an essential step of sample preparation within microplastic analyses. Organic residues hamper the separation of polymer particles especially within density separation or polymer identification via spectroscopic and staining methods. Therefore, a concise literature survey has been undertaken to identify the most commonly applied digestion protocols with a special focus on water and sediments samples. The selected protocols comprise different solutions, concentrations, and reaction temperatures. Within this study we tested acids (nitric acid and hydrochloric acid), bases (sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide), and oxidizing agents [hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite and Fenton's reagent (hydrogen peroxide 30% in combination with iron(II)sulfate 0.27%)] at different concentrations, temperature levels, and reaction times on their efficiency of biogenic organic matter destruction and the resistance of different synthetic polymers against the applied digestion protocols. Tests were carried out in three parallels on organic material (soft tissue—leaves, hard tissue—branches, and calcareous material—shells) and six polymers (low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate) in two size categories. Before and after the application of different digestion protocols, the material was weighed in order to determine the degree of digestion efficiency and polymer resistance, respectively. The efficiency of organic matter destruction is highly variable. Calcareous shells showed no to very low reaction to oxidizing agents and bases, but were efficiently dissolved with both tested acids at all concentrations and at all temperatures. Soft and hard tissue were most efficiently destroyed by sodium hypochlorite. However, the other reagents can also have good effects, especially by increasing the temperature to 40–50°C. The additional temperature increase to 60–70°C showed a further but less effective improvement, compared to the initial temperature increase. The resistance of tested polymer types can be rated as good except for polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate. Increasing the concentrations and temperatures, however, results in accelerated degradation of all polymers. This is most evident for polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate, which show losses in weight between 15 and 100% when the digestion temperature is increased. This effect is most pronounced for polyamide in the presence of acids and for polyethylene terephthalate digested with bases. As a concluding recommendation the selection of the appropriate digestion method should be specifically tested within initial pre-tests to account for the specific composition of the sample matrix and the project objectives.

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A simple method for detecting and quantifying microplastics utilizing fluorescent dyes - Safranine T, fluorescein isophosphate, Nile red based on thermal expansion and contraction property

Cited by 102 publications

References 45 publications

The potential of fluorescent dyes—comparative study of Nile red and three derivatives for the detection of microplastics

The potential of fluorescent dyes—comparative study of Nile red and three derivatives for the detection of microplastics

Plastics in the Environment: Understanding Impacts and Identifying Solutions

Various Digestion Protocols Within Microplastic Sample Processing—Evaluating the Resistance of Different Synthetic Polymers and the Efficiency of Biogenic Organic Matter Destruction

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