A Simple and Low-cost Drilling Simulator for Training Plunging Distance Among Orthopedic Surgery Residents

A Novel Training Alternative in Orthognathic Mandibular Osteotomy: Air Dried Clay Model

“…The literature has a limited number of studies on surgical models produced with air-dried clay. Kazum et al designed a bone drilling model for orthopaedics surgery residents (16). In this design, the air-dried clay layer was attached to the posterior cortex of an artificial bone and the residents were asked to drill holes through the artificial bone.…”

“…After the drilling process, the air dried-clay layer was checked for evidence of overdrilling through the posterior cortex and into this clay layer. Kazum et al designed this study with respect to the similarity between the resistance and texture of the artificial bone cortex and the air-dried clay (16). In accordance with this study, successful corticotomies were performed on each MM-17 and the participants of the study evaluated the MM-17 cortex with a mean similarity value of 8.75 out of 10.…”

An objective assessment for bone drilling: A pilot study on vertical drilling

“…Bone drilling requires precise motor skills and is a vital part of the orthopedic residency program. Improper drilling can lead to several irreversible complications such as thermal damage (osteonecrosis), neurological or vascular structure injury, and poor screw purchase due to misalignment of holes 1,2 . Orthopedic surgery has been traditionally taught within an apprenticeship setting (“see one, do one, and teach one”) in the operating room (OR), focusing on residents' time management, patient safety, financial issues, and surgeons' ability to maximize efficiency.…”

“…Several physical simulators have been developed to provide the necessary tactical environment and thus improve training effects. Kazum et al 1 built a low‐cost drilling simulator to train orthopedic residents in reducing drill overshoot. Overshoot is the distance a drill bit travels after drilling through the far cortical region, and a high overshoot may cause soft tissue and nerve damage.…”

CORR Insights®: To Improve Your Surgical Drilling Skills, Make Use of Your Index Fingers

“…To date, studies on drilling have generally focused on the mechanics and design of drill bits, their biological effects, and the design of screw threads [6]. By contrast, few invitro or in-vivo studies have evaluated the art and science of drilling [3,8], and none to my knowledge have focused on improving the drilling skills of novice surgeons.…”