A Screen-Printed Sensor Coupled with Flow System for Quantitative Determination of a Novel Promising Anticancer Agent Candidate

Abstract

A carbon nanofibers modified screen-printed carbon sensor (SPCE/CNFs) was applied for the determination of a novel promising anticancer agent candidate (ethyl 8-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylate, EIMTC) using square-wave voltammetry (SWV). It is the first method for the quantitative determination of EIMTC. The modified screen-printed sensor exhibited excellent electrochemical activity in reducing EIMTC. The peak current of EIMTC was found to be linear in two concentration ranges of 2.0 × 10−9 – 2.0 × 10−8 mol L−1 and 2.0 × 10−8 – 2.0 × 10−7 mol L−1, with a detection limit of 5.0 × 10−10 mol L−1. The connection of flow-cell for the SPCE/CNFs with SWV detection allowed for the successful determination of EIMTC in human serum samples. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) acted as a comparative method in the serum samples analysis.

Application of a Screen-Printed Sensor Modified with Carbon Nanofibers for the Voltammetric Analysis of an Anticancer Disubstituted Fused Triazinone

“…The reduction of each of these azomethine groups (C3=N2, C8a=N1) implies the same number of protons and electrons. On the basis of previous findings [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], it was proposed that the C=N moiety located at positions 3 and 2 would be exclusively susceptible to the electrochemical reduction under these experimental conditions, leading to a protonated CH–NH group. This proposal may be supported by the proven susceptibility of this azomethine moiety to electrochemical reduction in structures of monocyclic, as well as fused, triazinones with single N–N bonds [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

“…On the basis of previous findings [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], it was proposed that the C=N moiety located at positions 3 and 2 would be exclusively susceptible to the electrochemical reduction under these experimental conditions, leading to a protonated CH–NH group. This proposal may be supported by the proven susceptibility of this azomethine moiety to electrochemical reduction in structures of monocyclic, as well as fused, triazinones with single N–N bonds [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. In addition, this may be supported by the experimentally observed reduction peak potential, the value of which is close to that of the same azomethine moiety of the ketimine-type undergoing regioselective electrochemical reduction in a structurally similar triazinone [ 32 ].…”

“…The obtained curves ( Figure 3 ) clearly show that the presence of carbon nanofibers on the surface of the SPCE (black curve) causes a decrease in the charge-transfer resistance (R ct ) compared to the bare SPCE (blue curve) (63.5 vs. 197.3 Ω cm 2 ). Moreover, a better electrochemical performance of the SPCE/CNFs compared to the SPCE is observed as a result of the increase in its active surface due to modification (0.0809 ± 0.0014 vs. 0.061 ± 0.00058 cm 2 ( n = 3), respectively) [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Studies on the Thermal Decomposition Course of Nitrogen-Rich Heterocyclic Esters as Potential Drug Candidates and Evaluation of Their Thermal Stability and Properties

“…Imidazolidinoannelated triazinylformic acid ethyl esters (1-3) and imidazolidinoannelated triazinylacetic acid methyl esters (4-6) (Figure 1) belong to two important classes of molecules with the prospective antitumour or antinociceptive field of relevance, respectively, whose structures in solution and solid state have been established [1][2][3][4][5][6]. They were designed as functionalised isosteric isomers of azacytosine.…”

“…In this case, the presence of a certain number of non-polar moieties and a temporarily masked polar group were required. The possibility of using two types of nitrogen-rich heterocyclic esters (1-3 and 4-6) as potential future drugs has previously been extensively studied [1][2][3][4][5][6]. It was found that these two types of compounds reveal a low toxicity in vitro and in vivo [1][2][3]5].…”