A Scalable, Partially Configurable Optical Switch for Data Center Networks

Mellette, William M.; Schuster, Glenn M.; Porter, George; Papen, George C.; Ford, Joseph E.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2016.2636025

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For instance, [113] provide a detailed analysis of the scalability and energy efficiency requirements for board and chip level interconnects and the corresponding targets for the potential of optical technologies. Only few works address energy saving versus scalability trade-off issues [194,195]. For instance, [194] introduces an OpenScale inter-data center architecture, which can be upgraded gradually from traditional electrical switching DCNs in a plug-and-play technology achieving lower operational cost.…”

Section: Issues In Carrier-grade Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy saving in carrier-grade networks: A survey

Mâaloul

Fourati

Cousin

2018

Computer Standards & Interfaces

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Summary-Energy consumption of large-scale networks has become a primary concern in a society increasingly dependent on information technology. Novel solutions that contribute to achieving energy savings in wired networks have been proposed to mitigate ongoing and alarming climate change and global warming. A detailed survey of relevant power-saving approaches in wired networks is presented here. We give a special focus on carrier-grade networks. At first we perform a comprehensive study of communication infrastructures regarding energy saving. Then, we highlight key issues to enable green networks, ranging from network design to network operation. After that, we present the major contributors to power consumption in wireline networks. Afterwards, we survey, classify, and compare the main energyaware methods and mechanisms that are the most appropriate for improving the energy efficiency of carrier-grade networks.

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Section: Issues In Carrier-grade Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy saving in carrier-grade networks: A survey

Mâaloul

Fourati

Cousin

2018

Computer Standards & Interfaces

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“…In [12], the authors demonstrated a new optical circuit switching (OCS) based architecture for DCN, which is based on a single comb-driven MEMS mirror and is able to achieve a switching time of 20 µs. However, such fast switching might still create a substantial delay in case of a small amount of data to be transmitted, making it not suitable to be employed at ToR where small bursts of intra-rack traffic need to be handled.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

POTORI: A Passive Optical Top-of-Rack Interconnect Architecture for Data Centers

Cheng¹,

Fiorani²,

Lin³

et al. 2017

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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Abstract-Several optical interconnect architectures inside data centers (DCs) have been proposed to efficiently handle the rapidly growing traffic demand. However, not many works have tackled the interconnects at top-of-rack (ToR), which have a large impact on the performance of the data center networks (DCNs) and can introduce serious scalability limitations due to the high cost and power consumption. In this paper, we propose a passive optical ToR interconnect architecture (POTORI) to replace the conventional electronic packet switch (EPS) in the access tier of DCNs. In the data plane, POTORI relies on a passive optical coupler to interconnect the servers within the rack and the interfaces toward the aggregation/core tiers. The POTORI control plane is based on a centralized rack controller responsible for managing the communications among the servers in the rack. We propose a cycle-based medium access control (MAC) protocol to efficiently manage the exchange of control messages and the data transmission inside the rack. We also introduce and evaluate a dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithm for POTORI, namely Largest First (LF). Extensive simulation results show that, with the use of fast tunable optical transceivers, POTORI and the proposed LF strategy are able to achieve an average packet delay below 10 µs under realistic DC traffic scenarios, which outperforms conventional EPSs. On the other hand, with slower tunable optical transceivers, a careful configuration of the network parameters (e.g., maximum cycletime of the MAC protocol) is necessary to obtain a good network performance in terms of the average packet delay.Index Terms-Optical interconnect architectures, data center networks, medium access control (MAC), dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA).

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“…For example, mechanical switches such as MEMS-based switches [9] can exhibit large port-counts, that is, over 1000 ports, but their reconfiguration time lies in the millisecond order. Differently, the OPS switch should operate in the nanosecond order; and with current technologies, only low port-count switches, for example, 16 × 16 ports, are available.…”

Section: Optoelectronics -Advanced Device Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Optoelectronic Router for Future Optical Packet‐ Switched Networks

Ibrahim¹,

Takahashi²

2017

Optoelectronics - Advanced Device Structures

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With the growing demand for bandwidth and the need to support new services, several challenges are awaiting future photonic networks. In particular, the performance of current network nodes dominated by electrical routers/switches is seen as a bottleneck that is accentuated by the pressing demand for reducing the network power consumption. With the concept of performing more node functions with optics/optoelectronics, optical packet switching (OPS) provides a promising solution. We have developed a hybrid optoelectronic router (HOPR) prototype that exhibits low power consumption and low latency together with high functionality. The router is enabled by key optical/optoelectronic devices and subsystem technologies that are combined with CMOS electronics in a novel architecture to leverage the strengths of both optics/optoelectronics and electronics. In this chapter, we review our recent HOPR prototype developed for realizing a new photonic intra data center (DC) network. After briefly explaining about the HOPR-based DC network, we highlight the underlying technologies of the new prototype that enables label processing, switching, and buffering of asynchronous arbitrary-length 100-Gbps (25-Gbps × 4λs) burst-mode optical packets with enhanced power efficiency and reduced latency.

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A Scalable, Partially Configurable Optical Switch for Data Center Networks

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Energy saving in carrier-grade networks: A survey

Energy saving in carrier-grade networks: A survey

POTORI: A Passive Optical Top-of-Rack Interconnect Architecture for Data Centers

Hybrid Optoelectronic Router for Future Optical Packet‐ Switched Networks

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