A safe haven of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment: Prevalence and potential transmission risks in the effluent, sludge, and biosolids

Adelodun, Bashir; Kumar, Pankaj; Odey, Golden; Ajibade, Fidelis Odedishemi; Ibrahim, Rahmat Gbemisola; Alamri, Saad; Alrumman, Sulaiman A.; Eid, Ebrahem M.; Kumar, Vinod; Adeyemi, Khalid Adeola; Arya, Ashish Kumar; Bachheti, Archana; Oliveira, Marcos L.S.; Choi, Kyung Sook

doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2022.101373

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…To our knowledge, limited information is available on SARS-CoV-2 persistence in WWT sludge matrices ( Peccia et al, 2020a , Peccia et al, 2020b ; Balboa et al, 2021 ; D'Aoust et al, 2021 ; Adelodun et al, 2022 ), while wastewater matrices have been the subject of considerable interest with the perspective of WBE. Interestingly, the detected levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the raw sludge samples were overall consistent with the number of new COVID-19 cases per day ( Table 2 , Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AD is a classical process for WWT sludge treatment and valorization, notably thermophilic AD (usually 49–58 °C) as it is considered as an efficient process for sanitation purposes ( Astals et al, 2012 ). Until now, only a handful studies have focused on SARS-CoV-2 in WWT sludge (reviewed in ( Adelodun et al, 2022 )). In particular, SARS-CoV-2 has been detected through its RNA in WWT primary sludge in Turkey ( Kocamemi et al, 2020a , Kocamemi et al, 2020b ), in the USA ( Peccia et al, 2020a , Peccia et al, 2020b ) and in Spain ( Balboa et al, 2021 ), at levels rather higher than in the influent wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in wastewater treatment sludge during storage and thermophilic anaerobic digestion

Guérin-Rechdaoui¹,

Bize

Levesque-Ninio

et al. 2022

Environmental Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in wastewater treatment sludge during storage and thermophilic anaerobic digestion

Guérin-Rechdaoui¹,

Bize

Levesque-Ninio

et al. 2022

Environmental Research

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“…Heavy metals bioaccumulation in human-consumed crops can lead to health risks varying from diarrhea to anemia, mental and central nervous dysfunction, childbirth complications, and cancer [4]. Thus, adequate monitoring of water resources either for direct consumption or to be used for agricultural production is crucial to avoid contracting transmissible diseases such as cholera and typhoid [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Irrigation with Contaminated Water on Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Water Chestnut (Trapa natans L.)

et al. 2023

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This study investigated the monitoring of six heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in pond water, sludge, and cultivated water chestnut (Trapa natans L.) crops in Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. For this purpose, samples of pond water, sludge, and T. natans plant (nut, shoot, and root) were collected in November of 2021 and 2022 from three zones (Zone 1: agricultural area irrigated with borewell water, Zone 2: urban area irrigated with municipal wastewater, and Zone 3: rural area irrigated with mixed type of wastewater) and subsequently analyzed for heavy metal concentration using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that the physicochemical and heavy metal characteristics of pond water and sludge were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Zone 2 and 3 than to those in Zone 1. The concentration of heavy metals in T. natans root was comparatively high followed by shoot and nut parts. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was maximum while using pond water as a reference medium compared to pond sludge. Overall, the increasing order of heavy metals in T. natans was observed as Cd < Cr < Cu < Zn < Mn < Fe. In the edible part (nut) of T. natans, the average contents of Cd (0.005 ± 0.002 mg/kg), Cr (0.134 ± 0.009 mg/kg), Cu (1.043 ± 0.104 mg/kg), Fe (9.589 ± 0.957 mg/kg), Mn (4.326 ± 0.753 mg/kg), and Zn (1.540 ± 0.537 mg/kg) were comparatively less than shoot and root parts. Overall, the results revealed that T. natans irrigated with contaminated irrigation supplies at Zone 2 and 3 showed the highest BAF of heavy metals than Zone 1. Because the heavy metal concentrations in edible parts of T. natans did not exceed the threshold limits, the contaminated water sources in the Saharanpur region of India should be used in a safe and controlled manner.

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“…Even so, studies have highlighted that potentially toxic elements (PTEs) sorbed onto SS can be transferred to soil, causing its deterioration and the subsequent loss of function (Mahon et al 2017; Martín-Pozo et al 2019; Corradini et al 2019). This can ultimately result in ecological and/or health risks, such as the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (Buta et al 2021), the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 or its genetic material (Adelodun et al 2022), the bioaccumulation of metals and PAHs on crops and biota (Zhang et al 2017;Iglesias et al 2018; Courtois et al 2021), or the absorption of microplastics by fungi (Wan et al 2022). Moreover, it must not be forgotten that hundreds of new synthetic compounds are launched in the global market every year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Emerging and Priority Micropollutants in Sewage Sludge: Environmental Insights and Analytical Approaches

Rede,

Teixeira,

Delerue-Matos

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study presents a thorough evaluation of emerging and priority micropollutants in sewage sludge (SS), through the lens of environmental insights, by developing and implementing an integrated analytical approach. A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction method, coupled with gas chromatography and liquid chromatography, was optimized for the determination of 42 organic compounds. These include organophosphorus pesticides, organochlorine pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, organophosphate ester flame retardants, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The optimization of the dispersive-solid phase for clean-up, combined with the optimization of chromatographic parameters, ensured improved sensitivity. Method validation included assessments for recovery, reproducibility, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) assessments. Recoveries ranged from 59.5–117%, while LODs ranged from 0.00700 µg g− 1 to 0.271 µg g− 1. Application of the method to seven SS samples from Portuguese wastewater treatment plants revealed the presence of sixteen compounds, including persistent organic pollutants. Notably, the quantification of α-endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, was consistently observed in all samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.110 µg g− 1 to 0.571 µg g− 1. Furthermore, the study encompasses the analysis of agronomic parameters, as well as the mineral and metal content in SS samples. The study demonstrates that the levels of heavy metals comply with legal limits. By conducting a comprehensive investigation into the presence of micropollutants in SS, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the environmental and sustainable implications associated with SS management.

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A safe haven of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment: Prevalence and potential transmission risks in the effluent, sludge, and biosolids

Cited by 13 publications

References 139 publications

Fate of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in wastewater treatment sludge during storage and thermophilic anaerobic digestion

Fate of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in wastewater treatment sludge during storage and thermophilic anaerobic digestion

Impact of Irrigation with Contaminated Water on Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Water Chestnut (Trapa natans L.)

Assessing Emerging and Priority Micropollutants in Sewage Sludge: Environmental Insights and Analytical Approaches

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