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Host genetic factors may confer susceptibility to Cervical Cancer. TNF-α as pro-inflammatory cytokine participates in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Allelic variation of immuno-modulatory genes is associated with alteration in immune function. This study investigated the associations between TNF-α-308G>A, -238G>A, and TNFRII - VNTR-322 and cervical cancer in Tunisian women. Genotypes of those polymorphisms were detected in 130 cases and 260 controls. The variant heterozygote -308 G/A was associated with a 41% decreased risk of cervical cancer (GG vs A/A; p = 0.002; OR = 0.41; 95% CI =0.23-0.76). Furthermore, compared with dominant variant G/G, the (G/A+A/A) genotypes was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CC (GG vs G/A+A/A; p = 0.026; OR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.40-0.97). The FIGO stratified analysis showed that the minor variant A/A and combined G/A+A/A of TNFα-238 G>A and TNFα-308 G>A increased the risk of the tumor evolution, respectively, (P = 0.011; OR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.16-7.72) (P = 0.008; OR = 2.76; 95% CI = 1.20-6.41), (P = 0.000; OR = 16.33; 95% CI = (5.10-55.23) (P = 0.000; OR = 7.54; 95% CI = 2.68-22.29). There was statistically significant relationship between the incidence of the TNF-α mutations and the clinical progression of cancer according to the FIGO classification. In our study, the haploview analysis revealed no LD between rs1800629 and rs361525. TNF-α and TNFRII polymorphisms might be genetic risk factors for cervical cancer in Tunisian population.

Our study aimed to evaluate the association between IL-1α (4845 G/T), IL-1β (-511C/T) and IL-1RN (VNTR) polymorphisms and risk of cervical cancer. This case-control study investigates three polymorphisms in 130 patients and 260 controls by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The IL-1RN (VNTR) A1/A3 genotype appear as a cervical cancer risk factor (p = 0.048; OR = 2.92; 95 % CI = 1.00-8.74), moreover, the L/2* decreased the risk (p = 0.011; OR = 0.47; 95 % CI = 0.25-0.88) and may be a protective factor against this pathology. Stratified analysis according to the FIGO stage subgroup revealed that the IL-1β-511 T/T genotype and T allele may be a protective factors against cervical cancer development for patients with early stage (p = 0.030; OR = 0.46; 95 % CI = 0.22-0.96) (p = 0.020; OR = 0.68; 95 % CI = 0.48-0.97). However, for the patients with advanced FIGO stage, IL-1RN-VNTR L/2* genotype appear as a protective factor for this pathology (p = 0.023; OR = 0.29; 95 % CI = 0.08-0.99). The (G-T-L) haplotype showed a significant decreased frequency in cervical cancer patients as compared to controls (p = 0.032; OR = 0.53; 95 % CI = 0.29-0.95). In contrast, the (T-T-2*) combination appear a risk factor for the development of cervical cancer (p = 0.018; OR = 1.57; 95 % CI = 1.07-2.30). Our study suggested that IL1 cluster polymorphisms and haplotypes may be a genetic risk factor for cervical cancer.

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based electro-osmotic flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid (Carreau-Yasuda) in a tapered channel with entropy generation.

To detect COVID-19, the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is usually used but there is a number of faulty tests or an inexact diagnostic, especially in the primordial period of infection. In this regard, the optical response of hybrid quantum dots (QDs): L-serine is presented for the first time as a new and rapid method of detection. QDs were further conjugated with anti-infectious viruses’ antibodies. The detection of a target analyte is increased due to the fact that the final formed hybrid system is exposed to doses of L-serine optically active. QDs acts as L-Serine’s host. This last will trap the virus and emerges less/high photoluminescence (PL) response depending on the L-serine, virus, and doping concentrations. Such rapid optical treatment will inform us of the infection state faster and more efficiently than ELISA tests. The fluorescence properties of the new hybrid system permit a control of coronavirus with a limit of detection LOD ∼80 EID/50 μl thanks to families of clusters induced by L-serine’s molecules. Families of L-serine clusters with inhomogeneous densities can block the S-protein in COVID-19. Moreover, the detection can be issued by trapping the virus with the same dopant.

Knowing pests’ spatiotemporal distribution patterns is essential for forecasting population outbreaks and designing control tactics or long-term management plans. The family Noctuidae is one of the largest families of the Lepidoptera order. The noctuid’s moths are well represented in all zoogeographic regions in various habitats and have immeasurable ecological and economic importance. Although the species’ ecology has been extensively studied, little is known about the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of noctuid moths in an agroecosystem. Therefore, in this study, the spatial and temporal fluctuations in the abundance of 24 important species in the family were quantified. Yellow light traps were mounted in 11 different selected localities of the Multan district. The maximum species abundance was observed in September but declined in December, January, and February. Spatial contour maps were used to determine the species’ dissemination over space. Meteorological factors such as temperature and humidity showed a significantly positive correlation, while rainfall showed a significantly negative correlation, with species richness. The maximum species abundance was recorded in crop areas as compared to forest areas. This study provides a scientific basis for developing and timely applying control strategies for localized pest control.