A role of breeding in improvement of apple assortment in Russia

Седов, Е Н; Serova, Z. M.; Yanchuk, Т. V.; Korneeva, S. А.

doi:10.28983/asj.y2019i3pp12-18

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Dwarf culture has gained recognition due to many virtues. Firstly, these are small-sized tree crowns, early fruiting, high yields per unit area, as well as the best quality of fruits obtained in industrial horticulture [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial qualities of fruits of different varieties of apple trees in an intensive orchard on the farm of Central Russia “Agrofirma named after 15 years of October”

Гулидова

Zakharov

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The studies were carried out in a large fruit-growing farm in Central Russia “Agrofirm named after 15 years of October” in the Lebedyansky district of the Lipetsk region. The farm is switching to intensive horticulture using new varieties of apple trees on low-growing rootstocks. The article analyzed the results of a study of a comprehensive assessment of apple varieties with the necessary technological parameters for the production of products that meet domestic and international standards. We studied the main components of productivity and marketability of four varieties of apple trees on low-growing rootstocks: Ligol, Honey Crunch, Berkutovskoe and Spartan. It was found that all varieties are productive and have high marketability. But the most productive variety was Ligol -75 t/ha, which exceeded Spartan by 24 t/ha, Berkutovskoe - by 39 t/ha and Honey Crunch - by 48 t/ha. It was established that the commercial qualities of fruits depended on the characteristics of the variety, changing from the place of growth and the weather conditions of the year. By the sum of sugars, the best variety of apples was determined - this is Spartan, it had the most sugars (11.9%), the excess over the Ligol variety was 1.0%, Honey Crunch - 1.3%, Berkutovskoe - 1.6%. It was found that the highest content of ascorbic acid was in apples of the Berkutovskoye variety (15 mg/100 g), somewhat less was contained in the fruits of Honey Crunch - 14.5 mg/100 g. The minimum amount (8.8 mg/100 g) of ascorbic acid was in Spartan apples. It was established that with an average value of the sugar-acid coefficient of 13.8, the diversity limits for the studied varieties varied from 12.8 (Ligol) to 14.3 (Honey Crunch and Spartan). It was suggested that two varieties of honey crunch and Spartan are closest to the optimal values for this indicator.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial qualities of fruits of different varieties of apple trees in an intensive orchard on the farm of Central Russia “Agrofirma named after 15 years of October”

Гулидова

Zakharov

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Columnar apple plants have several peculiarities: trees are compacts that form few lateral shoots with short internodes. Wood has increased strength, elasticity, and is able to withstand a large harvest [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of mineral fertilizers on potash nutrition and productivity of columnar apple

Leonteva

2021

BIO Web Conf.

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The columnar form of apple tree is promising for growing in super-intensive orchards. The mineral nutrition study of apple tree with columnar crown is relevant due to high density of tree planting. The article presents the study results on the effect of mineral fertilizers on potash nutrition and the yield of columnar apple tree. The experiments were carried out in an experimental orchard located in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Russian Upland (Oryol region). The soil of the orchard is loamy haplic Luvisol with a high content of organic matter. Fruit plantations are represented by columnar apple trees of Poezia variety on 62-396 rootstock planted in 2016. Urea ((NH2)2CO) and potassium sulfate (K2 SO4) were used as fertilizers in doses of N60K80; N90K120; N120K160 which were introduced in early spring. The content of exchange potassium in the soil was determined annually in layers (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm), the concentration of potassium in leaves and fruits, yield. The use of fertilizers contributed to an increase in the exchange potassium content in the soil both in the 0-20 cm layer (45 - 53%) and in the 20-40 cm layer (18-31%). The amount of potassium in leaves and fruits also increased. However, potassium concentration in the leaves (0.77 … 0.95% dry matter) remained significantly below the optimum (1.5% dry matter). A significant increase in the average fruit weight was revealed in options N90K120 and N120K160.

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Interdisciplinary teams in apple breeding and co-authors of varieties

Седов

2020

Sadovodstvo i vinogradarstvo

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The article presents the results of 64 years apple breeding work at the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (RRIFCB) and shows the high role of the interdisciplinary team. It is noted that at the RRIFCB, leading institute for fruit crop breeding in Russia, over the past period 54 apple varieties of different ripening periods have been created and included in the State Register of breeding achievements admitted for use. Among them 19 are first in Russia and in the world triploid varieties derived from intervalent crossings of type 2 × 4; 24 immune to scab (with the Vf gene), including the first immune to scab domestic variety Imrus (immune Russian) and 5 columnar scab immune varieties. Triploid apple varieties are characterized by more regular fruiting by years, high fruit marketability and partial self-fertility. Scab immune apple varieties when introduced into orchards contribute to a more favourable environmental situation in the orchards and their surroundings and reduce the cost of additional chemical treatments. Columnar varieties make it possible to create super-intensive orchards with an early abundant yield and to simplify and reduce labor-intensive costs for the formation and care of trees. The creation of all these types of varieties was possible thanks to a large interdisciplinary team, which in addition to the main breeder includes specialists of many other specialties: variety specialists, phytopathologists, biochemists, geneticists (about 20 researchers). Among the 54 new apple varieties created at the RRIFCB, only one variety Pamyat Voinu was created by one breeder and two varieties (Orlik and Orlovskoye Polosatoye) were created by the main author and one co-author. The rest of the varieties were created by three and more co-authors. Specialists of different specialties (interdisciplinary teams) are needed for successful breeding work. The success of breeding work also largely depends on the volume of the hybrid fund. With a large amount of material in the plant nursery and breeding orchard, a more rigorous selection for the desired characteristics is possible.

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A role of breeding in improvement of apple assortment in Russia

Cited by 3 publications

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Commercial qualities of fruits of different varieties of apple trees in an intensive orchard on the farm of Central Russia “Agrofirma named after 15 years of October”

Commercial qualities of fruits of different varieties of apple trees in an intensive orchard on the farm of Central Russia “Agrofirma named after 15 years of October”

Influence of mineral fertilizers on potash nutrition and productivity of columnar apple

Interdisciplinary teams in apple breeding and co-authors of varieties

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