A robust wireless sensor node for in-tire-pressure monitoring

Flatscher, Martin; Dielacher, Markus; Herndl, Thomas; Lentsch, Thomas; Matischek, Rainer; Prainsack, Josef; Pribyl, Wolfgang; Theuss, H.; Weber, W.

doi:10.1109/isscc.2009.4977420

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…(Flatscher et al, 2009). While silicon prototypes show excellent performance figures, one identified major drawback compared to a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is the limited frequency tuning range, which covers only a fraction of the available 2.4 GHz ISM band and hence is not able to exploit full band multi channel operation.…”

Section: Baw-based Frequency Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a digitally controlled oscillator for a Delta-Sigma phase-locked loop in a 0.13 µm CMOS-process

Unterassinger

Flatscher

Herndl

et al. 2010

Elektrotech. Inftech.

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In this paper three different oscillator topologies are investigated. The oscillator is to be used in an all-digital phase-locked loop for frequency synthesis for the ISM=SRD license-free frequency bands at 315.0 MHz, 433.9 MHz and 868.3 MHz. The oscillator's frequency range is 75 MHz to 80 MHz and its frequency is controlled via a digital code word. Entwurf eines digital steuerbaren Oszillators f € u ur eine Delta-Sigma Phase-Locked Loop in einem 0,13-m-CMOS-Prozess. In diesem Artikel werden drei verschiedene Oszillatortopologien untersucht. Der Oszillator soll in einer vollst€ a andig digitalen Phase-Locked Loop eingesetzt werden, die zur Frequenzsynthese f€ u ur die lizenzfreien ISM=SRD-Frequenzb€ a ander bei 315,0 MHz, 433,9 MHz und 868,3 MHz verwendet wird. Der Frequenzbereich liegt zwischen 75 MHz und 80 MHz und soll mittels eines digitalen Codewortes einstellbar sein. Schl€ u usselw€ o orter: Oszillator; PLL; Frequenzsynthese BAW-based frequency synthesisIn the course of the European Commission funded project eCubes a bulk acoustic wave(BAW)-based oscillator, operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM (industrial, scientific and medical) band has been developed, which is used in a wireless transceiver as local oscillator in receive mode and for carrier generation in transmit mode. (Flatscher et al., 2009). While silicon prototypes show excellent performance figures, one identified major drawback compared to a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is the limited frequency tuning range, which covers only a fraction of the available 2.4 GHz ISM band and hence is not able to exploit full band multi channel operation.In order to overcome this limitation this work presents an advanced concept for BAW-based frequency synthesis. This concept is based on mixing a BAW oscillator carrier at RF with a phase-locked loop (PLL) output frequency for channel selection, temperature compensation and modulation. This principle is shown in Fig. 1. The alldigital PLL's output signal is upconverted by mixing it with the BAW oscillator signal. By choosing an appropriate divider factor the desired frequency band can be selected. Possible frequency bands are the license-free ISM=SRD (Short-Range-Devices) frequency bands at 315.0 MHz, 433.9 MHz and 868.3 MHz. Digitally controlled oscillatorThe design of controlled oscillators plays an important role in the design process of PLLs used for frequency synthesis. Various approaches concerning oscillator topology and controlling its frequency do exist. In this work three topologies for digitally controlled oscillators (DCO) are investigated. In this context digitally controlled means that frequency tuning is discrete, and controlling the oscillation frequency is done via a digital tuning word. A characteristic of the DCO to be developed is the oscillation frequency which is quite low. Frequency tuning by means of varying the current instead of using varactors is the preferred approach. Furthermore, the DCO is used to generate a system clock which can be provided even when the reference oscillator is turn...

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Section: Baw-based Frequency Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a digitally controlled oscillator for a Delta-Sigma phase-locked loop in a 0.13 µm CMOS-process

Unterassinger

Flatscher

Herndl

et al. 2010

Elektrotech. Inftech.

Self Cite

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“…The BAW-based oscillator directly oscillates at 2.45 GHz without making use of a phase locked loop (PLL) and can be tuned in a range of about 10-15 MHz. The tuning is performed by switching digitally controlled capacitors in parallel to the resonator (Flatscher, 2009). Single resonators of the same type and with the same digitally controlled tuning network in parallel are integrated into the LNA for narrowband filtering with a tunable center frequency.…”

Section: Proposed Receiver Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Image rejection in a receiver frontend by means of BAW resonators and an image-reject architecture

Dielacher¹,

Flatscher²,

Prainsack³

et al. 2009

Elektrotech. Inftech.

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This paper describes two measures for image rejection in a 2.45 GHz receiver frontend. The presented receiver frontend is part of a BAWbased transceiver in a 130 nm pure CMOS process. It uses the narrow bandwidth of single BAW resonators for filtering at RF as well as an image-reject architecture for additional image suppression.Unterdr € u uckung der Spiegelfrequenz in einem Empf€ a anger unter Verwendung von BAW-Resonatoren und einer Image-Reject-Architektur.Der Artikel beschreibt zwei Maßnahmen zur Unterdr€ u uckung der Spiegelfrequenz in einem 2,45-GHz-Empf€ a anger. Der vorgestellte Empf€ a anger ist Teil eines BAW-basierten Transceivers in einem reinen 130-nm-CMOS-Prozess. Sowohl die schmale Bandbreite von einzelnen BAW-Resonatoren wird zur Filterung im RF-Bereich verwendet als auch eine Image-Reject-Architektur zur zus€ a atzlichen Unterdr€ u uckung der Spiegelfrequenz.Schl€ u usselw€ o orter: Empf€ a anger; BAW; Resonator; Spiegelfrequenz

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“…Many sensor types are currently available, with different shapes, weights and functionalities, ranging from simple monitors to more advanced sensors that are able to measure tyre strain, as in Matsuzaki et al [5,6], to estimate the slip angle, tyre forces and slip ratio, as in Erdogan et al [7,8], and the tyre-road friction coefficient, road condition, tyre wear and vehicle load, as in Flatscher et al [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for the design of tyre sensor housings

Monaco

Moos

Tornincasa

et al. 2014

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The next generation of tyre sensors will be bonded directly onto the inner liner (IL) in order to measure important parameters such as strain, vehicle load, contact pressure, the tyre-road friction coefficient or wear. Sensor packages (SP) have a sensor node, which is bonded and kept in position by a specifically designed rubber housing (RH). Since the measurements they provide to the car control unit are used to improve the active or passive safety of vehicles, these packages can be considered critical safety components that should be dimensioned carefully. A tyre analysis, whether statical or dynamical, in which the complete structure is considered, under any load, inflating pressure or temperature working condition is mainly oriented towards defining the tyre product. The insertion of an SP inside such a complex tyre model, with the purpose of only analysing its behaviour, would be too time consuming considering the strong nonlinear behaviour of the tyre model. Therefore, this work presents a method that can be used to define a computationally lightweight finite element method (FEM) simulation, which is able to recreate the working conditions to which an SP is subjected. The basic idea behind this method is to separate the analysis of the SP from the structural tyre analyses; the latter is only run once, independently. The first task is to impose the deformed shape on a simplified model of the tyre with a bonded SP. All the deformation states that occur during rolling are computed in a static FEM simulation. The second task is to apply the inertial forces that act on the SP, whether computed or measured directly on the tyre, as external loads. These tasks are implemented in user-defined routines that are executed by the FEM solver. The method permits the stress concentration inside the RH material volume to be identified, at any angular position of the wheel. This information is then used, during the design process, to identify the most suitable geometry to level out the stress distribution. The resulting shape can be tested under different boundary conditions, by substituting the corresponding data arrays, but using the same FEM model. Since the deformed shapes and inertial forces are stored as simple text matrices (which are also used to form a test library), they can be easily interchanged in a flexible way. This more extended design process can reduce the costs of prototyping moulds. The proposed methodology has been developed and tested for the Pirelli Cyber TM Tyre project.

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A robust wireless sensor node for in-tire-pressure monitoring

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

Design of a digitally controlled oscillator for a Delta-Sigma phase-locked loop in a 0.13 µm CMOS-process

Design of a digitally controlled oscillator for a Delta-Sigma phase-locked loop in a 0.13 µm CMOS-process

Image rejection in a receiver frontend by means of BAW resonators and an image-reject architecture

Guidelines for the design of tyre sensor housings

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