A riboflavin–ultraviolet light A-crosslinked decellularized heart valve for improved biomechanical properties, stability, and biocompatibility

Abstract

Riboflavin–ultraviolet light A could effectively crosslink a decellularized heart valve to improve its biomechanical properties, stability and biocompatibility.

Investigation of air plasma generated by surface microdischarge for decellularized porcine aortic valve leaflets modification

“…The mechanical properties of the DPAVL, DPAVL‐PL(NO x ), and DPAVL‐PL(O 3 ) were tested by the electronic mechanical testing machine (CMT 2102) after treatment. The mechanical test method is similar to that reported in Liu et al, [ 28 ] and the results are shown in Figure 2. Young's modulus is a physical quantity describing the deformation resistance of a solid material, which can be obtained by measuring the slope of the stress–strain curve in the high‐strain region.…”

“…To check the surface morphology change of the DPAVL, scanning electron microscopy (SEM; JSM‐6510; Japan Electronics Co., Ltd.) was applied, and the experimental method is similar to that reported in Liu et al [ 28 ] The SEM images of the DPAVL‐PL(NO x ) and DPAVL are shown in Figures 6a,i and 6a,ii, respectively. The results show that there is no significant difference in the microstructure between the DPAVL‐PL(NO x ) and DPAVL.…”

Hyaluronic Acid Allows Enzyme Immobilization for Applications in Biomedicine

“…For instance, in 2019, the tissue engineering market reached USD 25.4 billion, and over the span of 2017–2022, the market is on the track to increase 17.22% in CAGR [ 84 ]. Complementarily, the biomaterials market is particularly successful with a growing demand for products such as medical implants to be utilized as the primary scaffold of tissue-engineered heart valves [ 85 ], as well as nano-, micro-, and macroscale drug systems developed for cancer immunotherapy and antitumor T-cell immunity [ 86 ]. To add in, the biomaterials sector is poised to increase from a worth of USD 105 billion in 2019 to USD 207 billion in 2024, which reaches a 14.4% CAGR [ 87 ].…”

Progress in cardiovascular bioprinting

“…Liu et al developed a photo‐crosslinking reaction using riboflavin and ultraviolet light to improve the biomechanical properties and stability of decellularized heart valve (DHV), a common scaffold for tissue‐engineered heart valves. HUVECs exhibited excellent adhesion to the riboflavin‐ultraviolet cross‐linked DHV and the scaffold displayed slow degradation, non‐calcification, and lower pro‐inflammatory response in a rat in vivo model 104 …”

“…In the sphere of bioengineering, the fabrication of vasculature holds tremendous significance because it represents one of the major limiting factors to produce any living tissue construct 30,103‐105 . This is because a functional vascular network is vital for any construct larger than 200 micrometers in diameter in order to supply nutrients and retain metabolic activity to ensure tissue health 104 . It would not be an exaggeration to say that the progress of the entire field of bioengineering is directly dependent on the progress made in vascular network fabrication.…”