Advances in cardiovascular materials have brought us improved artificial vessels with larger diameters for reducing adverse responses that drive acute thrombosis and the associated complications. Nonetheless, the challenge is still considerable when applying these materials in small-diameter blood vessels. Here we report the biomimetic design of an acellular small-diameter vascular graft with specifically lamellar nanotopography on the luminal surface via a modified freeze-cast technique. The experimental findings verify that the well-designed nanolamellar structure is able to inhibit the adherence and activation of platelets, induce oriented growth of endothelial cells, and eventually remodel a neovessel to maintain long-term patency in vivo. Furthermore, the results of numerical simulations in physically mimetic conditions reveal that the regularly lamellar nanopattern can manipulate blood flow to reduce the flow disturbance compared with random topography. Our current work not only creates a freeze-cast small-diameter vascular graft that employs topographic architecture to direct the vascular cell fates for revasculature but also rekindles confidence in biophysical cues for modulating in situ tissue regeneration.

Riboflavin–ultraviolet light A could effectively crosslink a decellularized heart valve to improve its biomechanical properties, stability and biocompatibility.

During an AHA outbreak, HIV-infected patients had a lower severity, but delayed resolution, of AHA than HIV-uninfected patients. Better viral suppression by cART alleviated the impact of HIV infection on the disease course of AHA in HIV-infected patients.

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, with myocardial infarction or heart failure accounting for the majority. 1 For basic researches on myocardial infarction or heart failure, in addition to functional experiments using animal models, there are a large number of in vitro mechanism studies that require the approaches to obtain myocardial cells for primary cell culture or

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Manifestations of acute HIV infection are nonspecific and of wide spectrum ranging from fever to severe illness. A higher proportion of patients with initial CD4 counts of 200 cells/mm or less during acute HIV infection warrants early, timely diagnosis and treatment to prevent rapid disease progression.