A Review on the Transformation of Furfural Residue for Value-Added Products

Abstract

As a by-product of lignocellulosic depolymerization for furfural production, furfural residue (FR) is composed of residual cellulose, lignin, humic acid, and other small amounts of materials, which have high reuse value. However, due to the limitation of furfural production scale and production technology, the treatment of FR has many problems such as high yield, concentrated stacking, strong acidity, and difficult degradation. This leads to the limited treatment methods and high treatment cost of furfural residue. At present, most of the furfural enterprises can only be piled up at will, buried in soil, or directly burned. The air, soil, and rivers are polluted and the ecological balance is destroyed. Therefore, how to deal with furfural residue reasonably needs to be solved. In this review, value-added products for furfural residue conversion are described in detail in the fields of soil culture, catalytic hydrolysis, thermal decomposition, and porous adsorption. The future studies reporting the FR to convert value-added products could find guidance from this review to achieve specific goals.

Zr supported on non-acidic sepiolite for the efficient one-pot transformation of furfural into γ-valerolactone

“…Furfural (FF) is a furan ring formaldehyde (C 5 H 4 O 2 ) with high value in the chemical and energy industry. It is mainly used as a solvent due to its aromatic and polar character [12][13][14]. Moreover, FF can be transformed into other value products such as γ-valerolactone (GVL), through a multiple steps route [15,16].…”

Catalytic Transformation of the Furfural Platform into Bifunctionalized Monomers for Polymer Synthesis

“…In this decade, because of the rapid depletion of fossil resources and the feasible production of furfural from raw biomass, as one of the top biomass-derived platform compounds, furfural-based biomass utilization has attracted extensive attention in biofuel, fine chemical, and monomer syntheses. − Meanwhile, because the current technologies for furfural production still face serious challenges, such as the coproduction of a large amount of waste that contains sulfuric acid, which leads to the high cost of its treatment to avoid environmental pollution, much effort has also been made toward the development of environmentally benign technologies to improve the catalytic efficiency of furfural production and the exploration of new technologies to valorize the waste in the current furfural production process. − …”

Ecotoxicological assessment of biomass-derived furan platform chemicals using aquatic and terrestrial bioassays

“…Moreover, furfural could be employed as organic fertilizer, increasing the yield of several crops. 86,87…”

“…Moreover, furfural could be employed as organic fertilizer, increasing the yield of several crops. 86,87 3.6 Toxicological assessment of furan platform chemicals for unicellular eukaryotic yeast Furan derivatives produced from the partial degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, constitute some of the most common inhibitors that reduce the efficiency of a cell factory aimed to produce biofuels and biochemicals via fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolyzates. 88,89 S. cerevisiae constitutes the workhorse industrial strain applied for the manufacture of Table 4 Relative seed germination (G), relative root elongation (E) and germination index (GI) of furan compounds in plants a a Terrestrial plants toxicity classication based on GI values: inhibitory (<90%), noneffective or nontoxic (90-110%) and stimulant (>110%).…”