A Review on Plant Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of Zirconia Nanoparticles and Their Miscellaneous Applications

Abstract

Development of reliable and environmentally gracious routes for the fabrication of metal oxide nanoparticles is a crucial step in nano-biotechnology. Among the all zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) draws more attention due to its significant biocompatible, electrical, mechanical, and optical properties. Many natural biomolecules in plant extracts such as alkaloids, amino acids, enzymes, proteins, polysaccharides, polyphenols, steroid, and vitamins could be involved in bioreduction, formation, and stabilization of ZrO2 NPs. In the last decade, numerous efforts were made to develop ecofriendly methods of synthesis to avoid the hazardous byproducts. In this review, green synthesis of ZrO2 NPs, their characterization techniques, and miscellaneous applications were discussed.

Advances of plant and biomass extracted zirconium nanoparticles in dental implant application

“…The characterization of ZrO 2 Nanoparticle synthesis uses specific critical characterization approaches. Such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Surface morphological analysis, UV–visible analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), antimicrobial analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and FTIR spectroscopic [ [75] , [76] , [77] , [78] ].…”

“…SEM and TEM are utilized for morphological characterization at the nanoscale to micrometre scale. SEM can provide electropositive information at the micron-scale and submicron-scale morphological characteristics [ 75 ]. A field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) (Nova NanoSEM 230, Czech Republic) operating at 5.0 kV was used to evaluate the shape and size of the adsorbents [ 79 ].…”

Zirconia Based Dental Biomaterials: Structure, Mechanical Properties, Biocompatibility, Surface Modification, and Applications as Implant

“…ZrO 2 powders of 87 kinds were tested with different cell lines and extracts were extracted by different methods (cell viability and MTT analysis) (49). When the fibrous cells were co-cultured with ZrO 2 , ZrO 2 had no cytotoxic effect.…”

The blending effect of natural polysaccharides with nano-zirconia towards the removal of fluoride and arsenate from water

“…Here, we focused our attention on the development of nanozirconia (ZO) incorporated into biopolymer composites derived from natural polysaccharides. Zirconium dioxide (zirconia) is an inert, non-toxic material with inherent chelating properties and high chemical stability [12][13][14][15][16]. It has also been reported to be an effective adsorbent for contaminants such as heavy metal ions [17][18][19][20], fluorides [21] and arsenate [17,22,23].…”