Development of reliable and environmentally gracious routes for the fabrication of metal oxide nanoparticles is a crucial step in nano-biotechnology. Among the all zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) draws more attention due to its significant biocompatible, electrical, mechanical, and optical properties. Many natural biomolecules in plant extracts such as alkaloids, amino acids, enzymes, proteins, polysaccharides, polyphenols, steroid, and vitamins could be involved in bioreduction, formation, and stabilization of ZrO2 NPs. In the last decade, numerous efforts were made to develop ecofriendly methods of synthesis to avoid the hazardous byproducts. In this review, green synthesis of ZrO2 NPs, their characterization techniques, and miscellaneous applications were discussed.

No abstract

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesized using Moringa oleifera leaf extract via a simple green chemistry approach. The prepared CuO NPs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UVvisible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) analysis. The CuO NPs showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus clavatus, Trichophyton mentographytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum. The results revealed the successful synthesis of CuO NPs by simple green chemistry approach may provide a useful tool in the field of nanotechnology.