A review of the use of synthetic pyrethroids in public health and vector pest control

Carter, S. W.

doi:10.1002/ps.2780270405

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For the past 35 years, synthetic pyrethroids (Elliott & Janes, 1978), whose structures are derived from the active ingredients of pyrethrum powder, have been the mainstay of chemical control (Carter, 1989). The pyrethroids are highly effective and extremely efficient insecticides, as a result of their enhanced toxicity compared with the pyrethrins in pyrethrum (Elliott et al , 1973b).…”

Section: Ddt and The Pyrethroid Insecticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The re‐emergence of the bed bug as a nuisance pest: implications of resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides

Davies

Field

Williamson

2012

Medical Vet Entomology

160

144

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A global resurgence of bed bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) has led to renewed scientific interest in these insects. The current bed bug upsurge appears to have started almost synchronously in the late 1990 s in Europe, the U.S.A. and Australia. Several factors have led to this situation, with resistance to applied insecticides making a significant contribution. With a growing number of insecticides (DDT, carbamates, organophosphates etc.) being no longer available as a result of regulatory restrictions, the mainstay chemistry used for bed bug control over the past few decades has been the pyrethroid insecticides. With reports of increasing tolerance to pyrethroids leading to control failures on the rise, containing and eradicating bed bugs is proving to be a difficult task. Consequently, several recent studies have focused on determining the mode of action of pyrethroid resistance in bed bug populations sourced from different locations. Correct identification of the factor(s) responsible for the increasing resistance is critical to the development of effective management strategies, which need to be based, wherever possible, on firm scientific evidence. Here we review the literature on this topic, highlighting the mechanisms thought to be involved and the problems currently faced by pest control professionals in dealing with a developing pandemic.

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Section: Ddt and The Pyrethroid Insecticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The re‐emergence of the bed bug as a nuisance pest: implications of resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides

Davies

Field

Williamson

2012

Medical Vet Entomology

160

144

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“…Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop alternatives to chemical control of a wide variety of arthropod vectors of human diseases (Pridgeon et al 2008, 2009). Many naturally occurring repellents and insecticides have potential for development into useful products because they combine efficacy, biodegradability, and limited risk to mammals and the environment (Dayan et al 2009, Hoel et al 2010, Carter 1989, Bissinger et al 2009, Bissinger and Roe 2010). Plant essential oils and seed pressed oils comprise a significant portion of the market share for natural product‐based insecticides, and some have served as the basis of commercial repellent formulations (Dayan et al 2009, Nerio et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oils of Cupressus funebris, Juniperus communis, and J. chinensis (Cupressaceae) as repellents against ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and as toxicants against mosquitoes

Carroll

Tabanca

Kramer

et al. 2011

Journal of Vector Ecology

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Essential oils of Cupressus funebris, Juniperus communis, and J. chinensis (Cupressaceae) as repellents against ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and as toxicants against mosquitoes ABSTRACT: Juniperus communis leaf oil, J. chinensis wood oil, and Cupressus funebris wood oil (Cupressaceae) from China were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We identified 104 compounds, representing 66.8-95.5% of the oils. The major components were: α-pinene (27.0%), α-terpinene (14.0%), and linalool (10.9%) for J. communis; cuparene (11.3%) and δ-cadinene (7.8%) for J. chinensis; and α-cedrene (16.9%), cedrol (7.6%), and β-cedrene (5.7%) for C. funebris. The essential oils of C. funebris, J. chinensis, and J. communis were evaluated for repellency against adult yellow fever mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.), host-seeking nymphs of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.), and the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, and for toxicity against Ae. aegypti larvae and adults, all in laboratory bioassays. All the oils were repellent to both species of ticks. The EC 95 values of C. funebris, J. communis, and J. chinensis against A. americanum were 0.426, 0.508, and 0.917 mg oil/cm 2 filter paper, respectively, compared to 0.683 mg deet/cm 2 filter paper. All I. scapularis nymphs were repelled by 0.103 mg oil/cm 2 filter paper of C. funebris oil. At 4 h after application, 0.827 mg oil/cm 2 filter paper, C. funebris and J. chinensis oils repelled ≥80% of A. americanum nymphs. The oils of C. funebris and J. chinensis did not prevent female Ae. aegypti from biting at the highest dosage tested (1.500 mg/cm 2 ). However, the oil of J. communis had a Minimum Effective Dosage (estimate of ED 99 ) for repellency of 0.029 ± 0.018 mg/cm 2 ; this oil was nearly as potent as deet. The oil of J. chinensis showed a mild ability to kill Ae. aegypti larvae, at 80 and 100% at 125 and 250 ppm, respectively. Journal of Vector Ecology 36 (2): 258-268. 2011.

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“…Pyrethroids are more stable synthetic analogs of pyrethrin and are preferred in public health settings because of their high arthropod specificity, a low mammalian toxicity, and a rapid degradation (reviewed by Vijverberg and van den Bercken 1990). Modifications to basic pyrethroid structure has increased the effectiveness of the pyrethroids while changing their properties and uses (Carter 2006). Permethrin, a type I pyrethroid without a cyano moiety in the alpha position, generally affects the peripheral nerves, whereas deltamethrin, a type II pyrethroid with the cyano group, affects the entire nervous system (reviewed in Soderlund and Bloomquist 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sublethal pyrethroid exposure on the host-seeking behavior of female mosquitoes

Cohnstaedt¹,

Allan²

2011

Journal of Vector Ecology

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A common method of adult mosquito control consists of residual application on surfaces and aerial spraying often using pyrethroids. However, not all insects that contact insecticides are killed. Sublethal exposure to neurotoxic compounds can negatively affect sensory organs and reduce efficiency of host location. Flight tracks of host-seeking female Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles albimanus, and Aedes aegypti in a wind tunnel were video-recorded to compare activation of host-seeking and patterns of flight orientation to host odors. During host-seeking flights, all three mosquito species differed significantly in flight duration, velocity, turn angle, and angular velocity. Mosquitoes were then exposed to sublethal levels (LD 25 ) of pyrethroid insecticides to evaluate the effects of the neurotoxicants 24 hours post-exposure. Significant reductions in time of activation to flight and flight direction were observed in mosquitoes exposed to deltamethrin and permethrin. Additionally, pesticide-treated Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes flew significantly slower, spent more time in flight, and turned more frequently than untreated controls. Journal of Vector Ecology 36 (2): 395-403. 2011.

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A review of the use of synthetic pyrethroids in public health and vector pest control

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

The re‐emergence of the bed bug as a nuisance pest: implications of resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides

The re‐emergence of the bed bug as a nuisance pest: implications of resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides

Essential oils of Cupressus funebris, Juniperus communis, and J. chinensis (Cupressaceae) as repellents against ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and as toxicants against mosquitoes

Effects of sublethal pyrethroid exposure on the host-seeking behavior of female mosquitoes

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