A Review of Surfactant Role in Soil Clogging Processes at Wastewater Exfiltration Locations in Sewers

Abstract

Wastewater contains significant sources of pollutants and contaminants. often the failure of a pipe, inadequate sealing or corrupt pipe-connections cause the loss of raw sewage, which percolates into the nearby soil. As a consequence, a colmation layer in conjunction with soil clogging is developing, which regulates the exfiltration rate. Recently, literature has emerged that offers findings about the effects of wastewater surfactants on the change of physical properties of the soil. A survey of published literature in this field provides information highlighting the influential mechanisms of surfactants in soil clogging through physical, chemical and biological processes. Therefore, to provide a comprehensive approach, this review describes the adsorption mechanisms of surfactants on organic and inorganic particles, at gas-bubbles and at biomass. We also provided our own input to the description of the adsorption of surfactants at fluid/fluid and fluid/solid interfaces in porous media associated with the clogging process.

Enhancing extraction of alginate like extracellular polymers (ALE) from flocculent sludge by surfactants

“…7 also reveals that over-dosing surfactants resulted in apparent changes in the peak vibration for some functional groups, such as amide CN stretching vibration at 1233 cm −1 and CH stretching groups at 2960 cm −1 in CH 3 structure, which indicates that the excessive amphoteric functional groups of surfactants might also combined and adsorbed with other complex substances such as humic substances, soluble tyrosine aromatic protein, soluble microbial metabolites (protein-like compounds), etc. and thus destroy chemical properties and/or decrease the alginate purity of the ALE extraction (Kavitha et al, 2016;LaSarre and Federle, 2013;Macakova, 2007;Nikpay et al, 2017). Anyway, the improvement of the ALE extraction enhanced by over-dosing surfactants could reduce the economic value of biopolymers for future applications.…”

Influence of synthetic wastewater on entrapped air on the isotactic and atactic polypropylene microplastic surfaces

“…The majority of FOG about 94-96% are triglyceride molecules with a polar hydrophilic carboxyl group head and a non-polar hydrophobic long hydrocarbon chain of fatty acids [31,32]. Another group is surfactants that enter the sewage system by detergents from households or industries [33,34,35,36]. Surfactants are grouped as ionic and non-ionic with polar heads and long chain hydrocarbon tails with a particular tendency to locate at the interfaces.…”