Influence of synthetic wastewater on entrapped air on the isotactic and atactic polypropylene microplastic surfaces

Abstract

The municipal wastewater collection system is recognized as an initial point of interaction between microplastics (MPs) and the urban wastewater matrix. The raw wastewater contains a wide variety of organic and inorganic substances including chemicals and heavy metals. However, the fate of MPs in urban sewer systems is not yet well understood. In this work two types of virgin polypropylene (PP) samples, isotactic (iPP) and atactic (aPP), were exposed to two synthetic wastewater solutions in order to study their effects on the physical properties of the hydrophobic polymer surfaces. Particular attention was paid to the pollution adhesion at the air-liquid-solid interfaces of the surface air pockets entrapped on the polymer surfaces. The first wastewater solution consists of mixed fat, oil and grease (FOG) -surfactant and another which is an exclusively contained wastewater surfactant. The interaction experiment over a period of 10 min between the polymer's air pocket and solutions indicated that the size of the bubble in the mixed FOG-surfactant solution increased more pronouncedly for iPP (%152) in contrast to aPP (%31) and was also compared with the greater surface roughness of the polymers. The size variation of the spherical cap on the immersed polymer surfaces were measured between 17 µm and 85 µm using image processing techniques while the data was analyzed by the Young-Laplace equation. The corresponding technical surface roughness of the polymers, the surface tension of the liquids and their air/water contact angle on the flat polymer surfaces were also measured. The results of this study indicated that surface air pockets influence the adsorption capacity of MPs and thus their buoyancy and contamination potential.

Wastewater Fines Influence the Adsorption Behavior of Pollutants onto Microplastics

“…This solution comprised of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, calcium chloride, iron oxide as Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ , and the surfactants as anionic sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), cationic hexadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB), non-ionic Triton X-100, and all were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Co.). The solution was prepared with deionized water and mixed in an ultrasonic cleaner for 45 min and placed in a preheated oven at 70 °C for 5 min to ensure the homogeneous melt of blended triglycerides compounds [8].…”

“…That is the first interaction of MPs with raw sewage before entering the wastewater treatment facilities. The hydrophobic, non-polar surfaces of the MPs can adsorb wastewater contaminants which might significantly change their surface physicochemical properties as well as their size, density, and mobility in the fluid [4][5][6][7][8]. The microplastic particles have a relatively large surface area to volume ratio, and their hydrophobic surfaces support the adsorption of a wide variety of pollutants such as metals and organic chemicals [9][10][11][12].…”