A review of spinel lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) as electrode material for advanced energy storage devices

Yan, Hui; Zhang, Ding; Qilu,; Duo, Xi; Sheng, Xia

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.10.241

Cited by 65 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 261 publications

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“…Lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LTO) has been well studied for its potential use as a viable lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode. − In effect, LTO benefits from a “zero strain” structure; its distinctive spinel crystal structure promotes not only an increased electrode stability during the lithiation/delithiation processes but also a high thermal stability, all of which are definitely highly desirable attributes. Furthermore, LTO is also an advantageous material due to its highly stable discharge/charge voltage plateau of 1.55 V vs Li + /Li, which lies above the relevant electrolyte reduction potentials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Physicochemical Behavior of Variously Doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Nanoflowers

et al. 2022

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This study thoroughly investigated the synthesis of not only 4 triply-doped metal oxides but also 5 singly-doped analogues of Li4Ti5O12 for electrochemical applications. In terms of synthetic novelty, the triply-doped materials were fabricated using a relatively facile hydrothermal method for the first-time, involving the simultaneous substitution of Ca for the Li site, Ln (i.e., Dy, Y, or Gd) for the Ti site, and Cl for the O site. Based on XRD, SEM, and HRTEM-EDS measurements, the resulting materials, incorporating a relatively homogeneous and uniform dispersion of both the single and triple dopants, exhibited a micron-scale flower-like morphology that remained apparently undamaged by the doping process. Crucially, the surface chemistry of all of the samples was probed using XPS in order to analyze any nuanced changes associated with either the various different lanthanide dopants or the identity of the metal precursor types involved. In the latter case, it was observed that the use of a nitrate salt precursor versus that of a chloride salt enabled not only a higher lanthanide incorporation but also the potential for favorable N-doping, all of which promoted a concomitant increase in conductivity due to a perceptible increase in Ti3+ content. In terms of the choice of lanthanide system, it was observed via CV analysis that dopant incorporation generally (albeit with some notable exceptions, especially with Y-based materials) led to the formation of higher amounts of Ti3+ species within both the singly and triply-doped materials, which consequentially led to the potential for increased diffusivity and higher mobility of Li+ species with the possibility for enabling greater capacity within these classes of metal oxides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Physicochemical Behavior of Variously Doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Nanoflowers

et al. 2022

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“…Although several of insertion reaction-type anode materials, such as Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 and TiNb 2 O 7 , have been developed, − their capacities are too low to satisfy social development. In 2017, Liu et al first proved that V 2 O 3 is a novel insertion reaction-type negative material with large capacity .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilely Fabricating V₂O₃@C Nanosheets Grown on rGO as High-Performance Negative Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Adjusting Surface Tension

Zhang

Zhao

Zheng

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The flourish of insertion reaction-type V 2 O 3 negative materials with large reversible capacity and outstanding rate performance is facing a huge trouble. In this study, we have successfully prepared a V 2 O 3 @C/rGO composite by adjusting surface tension. The small V 2 O 3 @C nanosheets are fastened to reduced graphene oxide, which remarkably elevates the electron and lithium ion transfer rate. More importantly, the obvious interaction between V 2 O 3 and reduced graphene oxide is beneficial for faster charge transfer. The above features of the V 2 O 3 @C/rGO composite are responsible for obtaining larger reversible capacity and superior rate capability. When applied to lithium-ion batteries as a negative material, it delivers a large reversible discharge capacity of 754 mA h g −1 at the 100th cycle under 100 mA g −1 , although under 2000 mA g −1 , V 2 O 3 @C/rGO still can give a large capacity of 409 mA h g −1 . This study would shed novel light on the preparation of 2D materials and the efficient application of insertion reaction-type materials.

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“…Research on battery technologies for applications in electric vehicles (EVs) has been progressively conducted to alleviate the carbon emission and global warming concern [1]. Li-ion battery (LIB) technologies have commenced the first step toward transportation and domestic energy storage electrification, leading to reduced dependence of our society on fossil fuels [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spinel Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) is an interesting material to be utilized as the active anode material in LIBs owing to its high lithium-ion insertion/de-insertion voltage of 1.55 V versus Li/Li + , zero-strain nature, excellent cycle stability, stable discharge voltage, high coulombic efficiency, compatibility with the commonly used electrolyte solution, obvious charge/discharge platform, nontoxicity and relatively low-cost [1]. However, LTO still has a low ionic conductivity (3 × 10 −10 S cm −1 at ambient temperature) attributable to its poor reversible capacity at high charge/discharge rates, a low electronic conductivity (10 −6 S cm −1 at even 227 ⁰C), a low lithium-ion diffusion coefficient (1.6 × 10 −11 cm 2 s −1 ) as a result of the initial energy barrier of lithium-ion insertion being very high (over 0.58 eV), and much lower theoretical capacity (about 175 mAh g −1 ) compared to that of the commercial graphite anode, hindering its broader applications in large-scale energy storage technologies [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Carbon-added Li4Ti5O12/Sn Composite Synthesized through Sol-Hydrothermal Method for Anode Active Material in Lithium-ion Battery

Ma'dika¹,

Nabila²,

Syahrial³

2022

Preprint

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Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) exhibits zero-strain behavior, exceptional cycle stability, low cost, and high safety. However, it is still low in electronic and ionic conductivity. Incorporating Sn into LTO materials can increase electronic conductivity and specific capacity. However, Sn still experiences volumetric expansion during the charging/discharging process. Adding activated carbon (AC) into the LTO/Sn composite can help improve the expansion resistance and electronic conductivity. In this work, the AC was first synthesized from charcoals through the carbon activation process and mixed with LTO precursors through the sol-hydrothermal method followed by mixing with Sn through the mechanochemical process to produce LTO@AC/Sn composites. The Sn content was fixed at 15 wt.%, while the AC contents were varied at 1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.%. The AC specific surface area is increased by more than 100% compared to the non-activated one. The best effects of AC on grain morphology and distribution were found in the LTO/Sn contained 3 wt.% of AC, leading to transfer resistance, ohmic resistance, specific capacity, and coulombic efficiency were found to be 48.1 Ω, 8.5 Ω, 138 mAhg-1, and near 100%, respectively. The result suggests that the LTO@AC/Sn could be a favorable anode active material in lithium-ion batteries.

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A review of spinel lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) as electrode material for advanced energy storage devices

Cited by 65 publications

References 261 publications

Probing the Physicochemical Behavior of Variously Doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Nanoflowers

Probing the Physicochemical Behavior of Variously Doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Nanoflowers

Facilely Fabricating V₂O₃@C Nanosheets Grown on rGO as High-Performance Negative Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Adjusting Surface Tension

Activated Carbon-added Li4Ti5O12/Sn Composite Synthesized through Sol-Hydrothermal Method for Anode Active Material in Lithium-ion Battery

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A review of spinel lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) as electrode material for advanced energy storage devices

Cited by 65 publications

References 261 publications

Probing the Physicochemical Behavior of Variously Doped Li4Ti5O12Nanoflowers

Probing the Physicochemical Behavior of Variously Doped Li4Ti5O12Nanoflowers

Facilely Fabricating V2O3@C Nanosheets Grown on rGO as High-Performance Negative Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Adjusting Surface Tension

Activated Carbon-added Li4Ti5O12/Sn Composite Synthesized through Sol-Hydrothermal Method for Anode Active Material in Lithium-ion Battery

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Probing the Physicochemical Behavior of Variously Doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Nanoflowers

Probing the Physicochemical Behavior of Variously Doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂Nanoflowers

Facilely Fabricating V₂O₃@C Nanosheets Grown on rGO as High-Performance Negative Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Adjusting Surface Tension