A review of public transport economics

Hörcher, Dániel; Tirachini, Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.ecotra.2021.100196

Cited by 63 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 238 publications

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“…(3) To ensure transport safety and a high level of service simultaneously, operators or authorities always impose the minimum and maximum headways of rail transit lines in a metropolitan area [29,30]. e average headway is widely used to compute the waiting time in a high-frequency transit network [31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path-Based Approach for Expanding Rail Transit Network in a Metropolitan Area

Wang

Peng

et al. 2022

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Rail transit network design is an important strategic problem in determining the layout of infrastructure and improving operating performance. A core transit network with multiclass rail transit systems has been constructed in many metropolitan areas worldwide. In this study, we aimed to expand an existing network to shorten travel time and improve service quality under the restriction of limited transport supply. We formulate the studied problem as a mixed-integer linear model to obtain optimal construction links, the number of trains required on each link, and the path selected by each traveler such that the weighted sum of total costs from the perspective of travelers, operators, and investors is minimized. The formulated model is path-based, where feasible paths for each traveler are generated to describe the full door-to-door journey, including the first/last mile, transfers, and multiclass transit modes. Owing to the complexity of the network design problem and because it is impractical to enumerate all feasible paths for each traveler in real-size problems, we propose a column generation-based algorithm to find both tight lower bounds and good-quality solutions efficiently by considering only a subset of feasible paths. We prove that the pricing subproblem in column generation can be decomposed into multiple shortest path problems, which can be solved efficiently and separately, based on O/D pairs instead of individual travelers. A rail transit network along a metropolitan corridor was studied as an example. Multiple computational experiments were conducted, and the results illustrate the validity and practicality of the proposed methodology for solving the problem.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path-Based Approach for Expanding Rail Transit Network in a Metropolitan Area

Wang

Peng

et al. 2022

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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“…Selain itu, dengan adanya subsidi angkutan perintis, kinerja pelayanan moda angkutan jalan dapat ditingkatkan sehingga memengaruhi transportasi yang akan dipilih oleh masyarakat [7]. Kebijakan subsidi dapat meningkatkan angkutan umum yang kompetetif di zaman sekarang yang merupakan puncak penggunaan kendaraan pribadi [8]. Dengan beralihnya masyarakat dari pengguna angkutan umum menjadi pengguna angkutan pribadi, hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan jumlah polusi.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Dampak Angkutan Jalan Perintis Terhadap Mobilitas Masyarakat Perdesaan: Sebuah Studi Deskriptif

Putra

Dewanti²,

Suprama³

2022

warlit

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Angkutan perintis merupakan program pelayanan angkutan jalan untuk wilayah terisolasi dan tidak memiliki ketersediaan angkutan umum. Salah satu trayek angkutan jalan perintis di Provinsi Banten adalah trayek Serang-Sumur (143 km) yang menghubungkan Ibu Kota Provinsi Banten yaitu Kota Serang dengan wilayah paling barat Pulau Jawa yaitu Kecamatan Sumur. Angkutan jalan perintis trayek Serang-Sumur sudah beroperasi selama lima tahun (2017 - 2021), namun dampaknya terhadap mobilitas masyarakat belum diketahui. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi perkembangan produksi dan layanan yang telah tersedia, dan pengaruh layanan angkutan jalan perintis terhadap mobilitas masyarakat. Untuk mendukung penelitian ini, dilakukan pengumpulan data sekunder berupa data sarana prasarana yang telah tersedia dan produksi angkutan jalan perintis (load factor) dari tahun 2017-2021. Selanjutnya, data primer dikumpulkan dengan bantuan kuisioner kepada 200 penumpang. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode statistik deskriptif serta metode analisis regresi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kehadiran angkutan jalan perintis yang melayani trayek Serang-Sumur sangat memengaruhi mobilitas masyarakat di Kecamatan Sumur. Dengan adanya angkutan jalan perintis tersebut, frekuensi perjalanan masyarakat meningkat sebesar 36,38%, jarak tempuh perjalanan masyarakat meningkat sebesar 18,47%, dan kemudahan perjalanan masyarakat meningkat sebesar 46,07%. Selain itu, dengan menggunakan angkutan jalan perintis tersebut, biaya perjalanan dapat dikurangi sebesar 48,45% atau bernilai 1,94 kali lebih hemat daripada menggunakan moda lain.

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“…As already mentioned, the PSO or subsidy schemes may vary significantly among particular countries. Hörcher and Tirachini (2021) reviewed a body of knowledge in this respect depicting different approaches to this issue among researchers since 1970s. As they conclude "the list of the most frequently investigated subjects is dominated by the optimization of pricing and subsidy policies, where scale economies in user and operator costs and substitution with underpriced private car use are the leading mechanisms behind incomplete self-financ-ing in social optimum".…”

Section: State Aid As Exemplified By Rail Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Aid as an Efficient Tool for Developing the Rail Sector in Eu Member States

Postuła

Jarecki

Jaworski

2022

TIS

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Rail transport is paramount for the functioning of a sustainable and efficient transport system. EU policy identifying significant role of rail translates into a strong financial support allocated to the transport sector both in the form of services funding and of infrastructure investments. In the study conducted, the impact of public support for rail transport was analyzed in reference to several indicators describing the condition of that sector. The analysis covered an assessment of the impact of public support granted based on PSO – Public Service Obligation, and of the support for infrastructure investments. The results reveal a great variability of the outcome across countries. Countries which provide stronger support for infrastructure investments are characterized, as a rule, by better performance. In the Authors’ opinion, strengthening the support for infrastructure investments at the expense of support granted as part of PSO should be the path for rail funding policy redefinition.

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A review of public transport economics

Cited by 63 publications

References 238 publications

Path-Based Approach for Expanding Rail Transit Network in a Metropolitan Area

Path-Based Approach for Expanding Rail Transit Network in a Metropolitan Area

Dampak Angkutan Jalan Perintis Terhadap Mobilitas Masyarakat Perdesaan: Sebuah Studi Deskriptif

Public Aid as an Efficient Tool for Developing the Rail Sector in Eu Member States

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