A review of pressure‐driven membrane processes in wastewater treatment and drinking water production

Bruggen, Bart Van der; Vandecasteele, Carlo; Gestel, Tim Van; Doyen, W.; Leysen, R.

doi:10.1002/ep.670220116

Cited by 765 publications

(383 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Pressure-driven membrane processes (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis) are now commonly used (367,447). Among these methods, ultrafiltration is quite efficient in the removal of suspended particles and colloids, turbidity, algae, bacteria, parasites, and viruses for clarification and disinfection purposes and, as such, can be used to replace several of these steps in the conventional treatment process (447).…”

Section: Water and Wastewater Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY Several enteric protozoa cause severe morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals worldwide. In developed settings, enteric protozoa are often ignored as a cause of diarrheal illness due to better hygiene conditions, and as such, very little effort is used toward laboratory diagnosis. Although these protozoa contribute to the high burden of infectious diseases, estimates of their true prevalence are sometimes affected by the lack of sensitive diagnostic techniques to detect them in clinical and environmental specimens. Despite recent advances in the epidemiology, molecular biology, and treatment of protozoan illnesses, gaps in knowledge still exist, requiring further research. There is evidence that climate-related changes will contribute to their burden due to displacement of ecosystems and human and animal populations, increases in atmospheric temperature, flooding and other environmental conditions suitable for transmission, and the need for the reuse of alternative water sources to meet growing population needs. This review discusses the common enteric protozoa from a public health perspective, highlighting their epidemiology, modes of transmission, prevention, and control. It also discusses the potential impact of climate changes on their epidemiology and the issues surrounding waterborne transmission and suggests a multidisciplinary approach to their prevention and control.

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Section: Water and Wastewater Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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“…Because the membranes used to purify drinking water have pores that are smaller (typically 0.04-0.2 μm) than microorganisms (typically 0.5-5.0 μm), microorganisms are effectively rejected through a sieving mechanism (30), although some microorganisms (e.g., ultramicrobacteria (28)) can pass through the membranes. However, defects on a membrane's surface can decrease sieving efficiency, allow pathogens to pass through the membrane, and affect public health, and it is important to test the integrity of membranes during the filtration process (1,9,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pyrosequencing Demonstrated Complex Microbial Communities in a Membrane Filtration System for a Drinking Water Treatment Plant

et al. 2011

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Microbial community composition in a pilot-scale microfiltration plant for drinking water treatment was investigated using high-throughput pyrosequencing technology. Sequences of 16S rRNA gene fragments were recovered from raw water, membrane tank particulate matter, and membrane biofilm, and used for taxonomic assignments, estimations of diversity, and the identification of potential pathogens. Greater bacterial diversity was observed in each sample (1,133-1,731 operational taxonomic units) than studies using conventional methods, primarily due to the large number (8,275) of sequences available for analysis and the identification of rare species. Betaproteobacteria predominated in the raw water (61.1%), while Alphaproteobacteria were predominant in the membrane tank particulate matter (42.4%) and membrane biofilm (32.8%). The bacterial community structure clearly differed for each sample at both the genus and species levels, suggesting that different environmental and growth conditions were generated during membrane filtration. Moreover, signatures of potential pathogens including Legionella, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, and Chromobacterium were identified, and the proportions of Legionella and Chromobacterium were elevated in the membrane tank particulate matter, suggesting a potential threat to drinking water treated by membrane filtration.

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“…Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have been shown to be effective for the recycling of dye wastewaters due to their high flux, high retention of multivalent anion salts and organic molecules above 300 Da, low operation pressure and low maintenance costs [5][6][7]. As a pressure driven process, NF is positioned between reverse osmosis (RO) and ultrafiltration (UF) in terms of water permeability (1.5-30 l/h m 2 bar), pore size (0.5-2 nm), molecular weight cut-offs (200-1000 Da), operating pressure (3-20 bar) and liquid phase separation performance [8,9]. Due to these advantages, NF has been extensively applied for the removal of arsenic in drinking water purification [10], eliminating dyes, hardness, small organics and dissolved organics molecules in wastewater treatment [6,11], recovery of heavy metal ions in wastewater [12] and purification in the pharmaceutical field [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofiltration of hazardous Congo red dye: Performance and flux decline analysis

Hairom

Mohammad

Kadhum

2014

Journal of Water Process Engineering

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A review of pressure‐driven membrane processes in wastewater treatment and drinking water production

Abstract: In pressure-driven membrane processes (reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration)

Cited by 765 publications

References 44 publications

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Pyrosequencing Demonstrated Complex Microbial Communities in a Membrane Filtration System for a Drinking Water Treatment Plant

Nanofiltration of hazardous Congo red dye: Performance and flux decline analysis

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