A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Risk of Tuberculosis Among Women of Childbearing Age with HIV Infection in Zaire

Braun, Michelle; Badi, N.; Ryder, Robert W.; Baende, Ekungola; Mukadi, YaDiul; Nsuami, Malanda; Matela, B.; Willame, Jean-Claude; Kaboto, Mulumba; Heyward, William L.

doi:10.1164/ajrccm/143.3.501

Cited by 89 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Denominou-se esse coeficiente de adoecimento de m 1 . Entre os já infectados (P.p) poderão sofrer reinfecções exógenas que dependerá do risco de infecção tuberculosa (r) existente na comunidade.…”

Section: Modelounclassified

Avaliação do excesso de casos de tuberculose atribuídos a infecção HIV/AIDS: ensaio preliminar

Ruffino-Netto

1995

Rev. Saúde Pública

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Propõe-se realizar um exercício de estimação do risco atribuível por cento (RA%) da ocorrência de casos de tuberculose na vigência da co-infecção HIV/AIDS. A seguinte fórmula é apresentada:onde: p = proporção infectados pelo BK; r = risco de infecção tuberculosa; h = proporção de infectados pelo HIV; m 1 = coeficiente de morbidade reativação endógena; m 2 = coeficientes de morbidade de reinfecção exógena; m 3 = coeficiente de morbidade tuberculose primária; R = risco relativo de morbidade entre infectados pelo HIV. IntroduçãoA co-infecção Tuberculose/HIV/AIDS tem criado problemas de diferentes naturezas que atingem a população em geral, aos clínicos, epidemiologistas e planejadores da saúde pública.A tuberculose, endemia caminhando para certo controle em alguns países, "descontrolada" ainda em outros, tem sua tendência alterada frente a ocorrência simultânea da infecção pelo HIV. Esta última tem sido apontada como a mais significativa ocorrência que alterou o "equilíbrio entre o homem e o bacilo de Kock nos últimos 100 anos, sendo decisiva no risco de adoecimento por tuberculose, seja por reativação endógena ou infecção exógena" (Ministério da Saúde 5 , 1994).Tem-se assinalado (Styblo 14 , 1990) que o impacto da infecção pelo HIV sobre a tuberculose numa determinada população dependeria dos seguintes elementos:1-Prevalência da infecção pelo HIV na comunidade e sua tendência. 2-Prevalência da infecção tuberculosa na população entre 15-49 anos. 3-Taxa de morbidade de infecção tuberculosa na população para tuberculose (ativa). 4-Taxa e tendência do risco anual de infecção tuberculosa. 5-Taxa de detecção de casos novos, de cura, de abandono, de recaída da tuberculose em pacientes bacilíferos, infectados ou não pelo HIV. Já se teve oportunidade de apresentar anteriormente modelos epidemiométricos em tuberculose (Ruffino-Netto, 1975,1976 onde se estudou a prevalência da doença e alguns modelos especificamente voltados para analisar as equações diferenciais que regem as mudanças de estado nas diferentes categorias classificatórias da tuberculose. Em particular estudou-se os estados "virgem de infecção", "infectados" e "doentes". As leis que regem Paulo -Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 -14049-900 -Ribeirão Preto, SP -Brasil Edição subvencionada pela FAPESP. Processo 95/2290-6.

show abstract

Section: Modelounclassified

Avaliação do excesso de casos de tuberculose atribuídos a infecção HIV/AIDS: ensaio preliminar

Ruffino-Netto

1995

Rev. Saúde Pública

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A study from Zaire showed that the risk of TB in HIV-positive mothers was three times more than that in HIV-negative mothers (2). Infants born to HIV-infected mothers are susceptible to both HIV infection and TB.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of First-Line Antituberculosis Drugs in HIV-Infected Children with Tuberculosis Treated with Intermittent Regimens in India

Ramachandran

Kumar

Bhavani

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this report was to study the pharmacokinetics of rifampin (RMP), isoniazid (INH), and pyrazinamide (PZA) in HIV-infected children with tuberculosis (TB) treated with a thrice-weekly anti-TB regimen in the government program in India. Seventy-seven HIV-infected children with TB aged 1 to 15 years from six hospitals in India were recruited. During the intensive phase of TB treatment with directly observed administration of the drugs, a complete pharmacokinetic study was performed. Drug concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. A multivariable regression analysis was done to explore the factors impacting drug levels and treatment outcomes. The proportions of children with subnormal peak concentrations (C max ) of RMP, INH, and PZA were 97%, 28%, and 33%, respectively. Children less than 5 years old had a lower median C max and lower exposure (area under the time-concentration curve from 0 to 8 h [AUC 0 -8 ]) of INH (C max , 2.5 versus 5.1 g/ml, respectively [P ‫؍‬ 0.016]; AUC 0 -8 , 11.1 versus 22.0 g/ml · h, respectively [P ‫؍‬ 0.047[) and PZA (C max , 34.1 versus 42.3 g/ml, respectively [P ‫؍‬ 0.055]; AUC 0 -8 , 177.9 versus 221.7 g/ml · h, respectively [P ‫؍‬ 0.05]) than those more than 5 years old. In children with unfavorable versus favorable outcomes, the median C max of RMP (1.0 versus 2.8 g/ml, respectively; P ‫؍‬ 0.002) and PZA (31.9 versus 44.4 g/ml, respectively; P ‫؍‬ 0.045) were significantly lower. Among all factors studied, the PZA C max influenced TB treatment outcome (P ‫؍‬ 0.011; adjusted odds ratio, 1.094; 95% confidence interval, 1.021 to 1.173). A high proportion of children with HIV and TB had a subnormal RMP C max . The PZA C max significantly influenced treatment outcome. These findings have important clinical implications and emphasize that drug doses in HIV-infected children with TB have to be optimized.

show abstract

“…Epidemiologic data suggest that active TB accelerates the natural progression of HIV infection. In a retrospective cohort study of HIV-infected women from Zaire, investigators estimated the relative risk of death to be 2.7 among women with active TB compared with those without TB [19] . In a retrospective cohort study of HIV-infected subjects from the United States, active TB was associated with an increased risk for opportunistic infections and death [15] .…”

Section: Tb and Hiv/aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequence on Treatment of TB Patients Affected by HIV/AIDS A Conceptual Research

Uddin¹,

Hossain²,

Huda³

et al. 2006

American J. of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an ancient malady, which is one of the world's most wide spread infectious bacterial agents. Fully one-third of the world's population is already infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with the greatest burden of disease and infection borne by people in developing countries. Tuberculosis disease is still out of control. Alarming spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and emergence of drug resistance is now further complicating the major problem. HIV not only makes the diagnosis of TB more difficult; it contributes to an increase in TB incidence. The rate of breakdown to clinical TB in individuals infected both with HIV and tuberculosis is many times higher than in those without HIV. The present vaccine is not sufficient to reduce the death rate by eradicating TB with HIV/AIDS. The present review is based on the prevention and treatment of TB patient and co-infected with HIV/AIDS and effect of HIV/AIDS on the treatment and prevention of TB. It will help assuming idea about future steps in prevention and treatment of TB among HIV/AIDS patients.

show abstract

A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Risk of Tuberculosis Among Women of Childbearing Age with HIV Infection in Zaire

Cited by 89 publications

References 5 publications

Avaliação do excesso de casos de tuberculose atribuídos a infecção HIV/AIDS: ensaio preliminar

Avaliação do excesso de casos de tuberculose atribuídos a infecção HIV/AIDS: ensaio preliminar

Pharmacokinetics of First-Line Antituberculosis Drugs in HIV-Infected Children with Tuberculosis Treated with Intermittent Regimens in India

Consequence on Treatment of TB Patients Affected by HIV/AIDS A Conceptual Research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About