“…The methodology was particularly popular to estimate muscle and joint forces during spinal loading (Cromwell et al, 1989;Cho lewicki and McGill, 1994;Cholewicki et al, 1995;Cholew icki and McGill, 1996;Granata and Marras, 1995;Nussbaum and Chaffin, 1998;Thelen et al, 1994;van Dieen et al, 2003;Marras et al, 1999). It has also been used for muscle force prediction during arm movements (Manal et al, 2002;Langenderfer et al, 2005;Soechting and Flanders, 1997), isometric tasks of the elbow (Manal and Buchanan, 2003;Wang and Buchanan, 2002) and the wrist (Buchanan et al, 1993). Utilization of the method for the lower extremity included walking (Amarantini and Martin, 2004) and running (Lloyd and Besier, 2003).…”