A Rare Case of Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subsp. Dysgalactiae Human Zoonotic Infection

Chennapragada, Suma Sri; Ramphul, Kamleshun; Mejias, Stephanie G; Lohana, Petras

doi:10.7759/cureus.2901

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Several genes are responsible for the increased virulence of these subspecies, providing the dissemination to a different host and propagating the infection persistent ( Rato et al, 2011 ; Alves-Barroco et al, 2018 ). This subspecies has been considered by some authors as an emerging zoonotic pathogen ( Chennapragada et al, 2018 ). Moreover, their biofilm-producing ability ( Alves-Barroco et al, 2019 ) can make them highly difficult to eradicate.…”

Section: Horizontal Gene Transfer Is Increased In Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singularities of Pyogenic Streptococcal Biofilms – From Formation to Health Implication

et al. 2020

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Biofilms are generally defined as communities of cells involved in a self-produced extracellular matrix adhered to a surface. In biofilms, the bacteria are less sensitive to host defense mechanisms and antimicrobial agents, due to multiple strategies, that involve modulation of gene expression, controlled metabolic rate, intercellular communication, composition, and 3D architecture of the extracellular matrix. These factors play a key role in streptococci pathogenesis, contributing to therapy failure and promoting persistent infections. The species of the pyogenic group together with Streptococcus pneumoniae are the major pathogens belonging the genus Streptococcus, and its biofilm growth has been investigated, but insights in the genetic origin of biofilm formation are limited. This review summarizes pyogenic streptococci biofilms with details on constitution, formation, and virulence factors associated with formation.

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Section: Horizontal Gene Transfer Is Increased In Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singularities of Pyogenic Streptococcal Biofilms – From Formation to Health Implication

et al. 2020

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“…SDSD has been reported to cause prosthetic joint infection [ 2 ], infective endocarditis [ 3 ], upper limb cellulitis [ 4 ], and lower limb cellulitis [ 5 ]. The patient with infective endocarditis reported by Jordal et al had a complicated course but he survived [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter was the name proposed for the strains of animal origin [1] and they are an uncommon cause of infection in humans. There are very few reports of this organism causing clinical infection in humans [2][3][4][5] and there are no reports of fulminant infection caused by SDSD. Here we report a middle-aged male who presented with features of right upper limb cellulitis and had septic shock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies dysgalactiae Infection Presenting With Septic Shock

Balamurugan¹,

Pillai²,

Ayyan³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Streptococcus dysgalactiae has two main subspecies: Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae (SDSD) and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE). Although there are various case reports of SDSE causing clinical infection in humans, very few reports of SDSD causing human infections have been reported in the literature. As of date, there are only five case reports of infection with SDSD and all five patients survived the infection. We report a case of a 40-year-old male who presented with features of right upper limb cellulitis and went into septic shock. This report is unique as it presents the first report of SDSD causing fulminant sepsis in humans. Elevation of total fraction of creatinine kinase was also seen in our patient which could be due to myositis or rhabdomyolysis.

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“…It is difficult to say whether this is related to the assumption made already at the clinical level that each strain of S. dysgalactiae isolated from humans is SDSE. However, researchers have shown that SDSD can infect humans [135]. The characteristics of the reported cases are detailed in Table 10.…”

Section: Streptococcus Dysgalactiae Subsp Dysgalactiae (Sdsd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…dysgalactiae isolated from humans is SDSE. However, researchers have shown that SDSD can infect humans [135]. The characteristics of the reported cases are detailed in .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and drug resistance of animal streptococci responsible for human infections

Glajzner

Szewczyk

Szemraj

2021

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus , earlier considered typically animal, currently have also been causing infections in humans. It is necessary to make clinicians aware of the emergence of new species that may cause the development of human diseases. There is an increasing frequency of isolation of streptococci such as S. suis , S. dysgalactiae , S. iniae and S. equi from people. Isolation of Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex bacteria has also been reported. The streptococcal species described in this review are gaining new properties and virulence factors by which they can thrive in new environments. It shows the potential of these bacteria to changes in the genome and the settlement of new hosts. Information is presented on clinical cases that concern streptococcus species belonging to the groups Bovis, Pyogenic and Suis. We also present the antibiotic resistance profiles of these bacteria. The emerging resistance to β-lactams has been reported. In this review, the classification, clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance of groups and species of streptococci considered as animal pathogens are summarized.

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A Rare Case of Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subsp. Dysgalactiae Human Zoonotic Infection

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Singularities of Pyogenic Streptococcal Biofilms – From Formation to Health Implication

Singularities of Pyogenic Streptococcal Biofilms – From Formation to Health Implication

Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies dysgalactiae Infection Presenting With Septic Shock

Pathogenicity and drug resistance of animal streptococci responsible for human infections

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