Pathogenicity and drug resistance of animal streptococci responsible for human infections

Abstract

Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus , earlier considered typically animal, currently have also been causing infections in humans. It is necessary to make clinicians aware of the emergence of new species that may cause the development of human diseases. There is an increasing frequency of isolation of streptococci such as S. suis , S. dysgalactiae , S. iniae and S. equi from people. Isolation of Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex bacteria has also been reported. The streptococcal species described in this review are gaining new properties and virulence factors by which they can thrive in new environments. It shows the potential of these bacteria to changes in the genome and the settlement of new hosts. Information is presented on clinical cases that concern streptococcus species belonging to the groups Bovis, Pyogenic and Suis. We also present the antibiotic resistance profiles of these bacteria. The emerging resistance to β-lactams has been reported. In this review, the classification, clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance of groups and species of streptococci considered as animal pathogens are summarized.

Identification and characterization of a novel peptide from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus iniae

“…Early cases of human infection with the pathogen involved handling of farmed fish caused invasive disease (Weinstein et al, 1997). Although the pathogenesis of streptococcal species in humans has been very well characterized, our understanding of S. iniae in rainbow trout, especially at the cellular level, is not well understood (Goh et al, 1998;Weinstein et al, 1997;Glajzner et al, 2021;Lahav et al, 2004). The interaction of S. iniae with rainbow trout cell lines has only been investigated in RTS-11 cells but in other fish species, epithelial cells play an important role in pathogenesis by providing a scaffold for adherence and invasion (Eyngor et al, 2010;Locke et al, 2008).…”