A Psycho-Pharmacological Analysis of Behaviour in Rats

Gupta, B.D.; Dandiya, P. C.; Gupta, Manohar Lal

doi:10.1016/s0021-5198(19)36218-3

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The effect of PA-Int5 on open-field and rotarod tests were investigated to exclude non-specific behaviors, such as sedation or psychomotor agitation, which may influence the interpretation of anti-nociceptive actions (41). Open-field testing is one of the most popular types of behavioral tests used to evaluate spontaneous locomotor activity in rodents (41,42). Locomotion is the most universal and conserved form of movement, which involves mechanisms controlled by the CNS (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rotarod test is a widely used method in preclinical research, as it evaluates motor coordination and it can detect physical deficiencies caused by pharmacological agents, such as muscle relaxants and CNS depressants (41). Motor coordination is a complex behavior that reflects muscle strength, balance and standard gait, and is influenced by the effects of benzodiazepines or barbiturates (41,42). The results of the present study showed that the administration of PA-Int5 (5 mg/kg, vo) did not affect locomotion or motor coordination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PA‑Int5: An isatin‑thiosemicarbazone derivative that exhibits anti‑nociceptive and anti‑inflammatory effects in Swiss mice

et al. 2021

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Pain and inflammation are symptoms of various diseases, and they can be modulated by different pathways, thus highlighting the importance of investigating the therapeutic effects of novel compounds. Previous studies have shown that isatin-thiosemicarbazone exhibits antitumor, antifungal antibacterial and other biological properties. Based on the wide range of biological effects of these compounds, the aim of the present study was to investigate the central nervous system (CNS) performance, and the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of (Z)-2-(5-nitro-2-oxoindolin-3-ilidene)-N-hydroazinecarbothioamide (PA-Int5) in treated mice. Three doses of PA-Int5 were tested orally (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) in the nociceptive and inflammatory animal models. Additionally, the potential sedative effects of PA-Int5 (5 mg/kg, oral gavage) were investigated using an open ﬁeld and rotarod tests, to exclude any possible unspecific effects of the nociceptive assays. Anti-nociceptive activity was assessed using the acetic acid-induced abdominal contortion and formalin tests, whereas anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using a carrageenan-induced paw edema and zymosan-induced air-pouch models. PA-Int5 (5 mg/kg) induced anti-nociceptive activity in the abdominal contortion model. In the formalin test, PA-Int5 (at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reduced nociception in the second phase. At the higher dose tested, PA-Int5 did not affect spontaneous locomotion or motor coordination. The data revealed that at all doses tested, the compound significantly reduced paw edema following carrageenan administration. In the zymosan-induced air-pouch model, PA-Int5 potently inhibited leukocyte migration and protein levels at the site of inflammation. When combined, the results revealed, for the first time, that PA-Int5 exhibited anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, and highlights its potential, as well that of other derivatives, as novel candidates for pain relief.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PA‑Int5: An isatin‑thiosemicarbazone derivative that exhibits anti‑nociceptive and anti‑inflammatory effects in Swiss mice

et al. 2021

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“…The number of squares traversed by the mice was tracked for 3 minutes at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes throughout the observation period. The experiment was conducted in a completely quiet setting [ 23 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnopharmacological-Based Validation of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf Extract in Neurological, Hyperalgesic, and Hyperactive Gut Disorders Using Animal Models

Amin

Quispe

Herrera‐Bravo

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) is a plant used to cure coughs, dysentery, fevers, joint aches, rheumatic pain, inflammation, and a variety of skin diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ethyl acetate extract of Polyalthia suberosa (P. suberosa) leaves and their effects on mice for neuropharmacological, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities. For neurological studies, the hole cross, hole board, open field, and thiopental sodium-induced sleep duration measurement methodologies were used. The castor oil-induced diarrhea inhibition test was used to assess antidiarrheal action, and the acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition test was used to determine analgesic effectiveness. The extract was given in doses of 250 and 500 mg kg−1 body weight. As a standard drug, diazepam at a dosage of 3 mg kg−1 was used. The extract was also given to groups, and sleep time was measured and recorded. The onset of the anxiolytic effect of the extract at both doses was found to be significant ( p < 0.001), and sleep time increased to 273 minutes. For assessing analgesic activity, the extract along with standard diclofenac was administered and found to be 55.02 percent and 64.33 percent, respectively, for the extracts, and diclofenac was found to be 67.44 percent ( p < 0.001). For antidiarrheal activity, it was compared with the standard drug, loperamide. The decrease for plant extracts was 50.07 percent and 70.06 percent at 250 mg kg−1 and 500 mg kg−1, respectively, whereas it was 85.01 percent for loperamide (3 mg kg−1) ( p < 0.00). In this study, it was found that ethyl acetate extract of Polyalthia suberosa leaves had strong CNS depressant, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities, which indicates that it may be used in contemporary medicine.

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“…The animals were treated as discussed above. The experiment was carried out according to the methods described by [18]. The floor of an open field of half square meter was divided into a series of squares each alternatively colored black and white.…”

Section: Open Field Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and CNS Depressant Activities of the Methanolic Extract of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn. Seed in Mice

Nesa

2014

BJPR

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Aims:The study was carried out to assess the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS depressant activity of the methanolic extract of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn. Seeds. Study Design: The Present study was designed to observe pharmacological activities of the crude extract of the plant Abelmoschus esculentus seeds. The study consisted of hot extraction of the seeds of the A. esculantus with methanol. Afterwards, Methanolic crude extract was filtered and the filtrate was evaporated. Finally, screening of analgesic, antiinflammatory and CNS depressant activity of crude extracts of A. esculantus on Swiss Albino mice.

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A Psycho-Pharmacological Analysis of Behaviour in Rats

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

PA‑Int5: An isatin‑thiosemicarbazone derivative that exhibits anti‑nociceptive and anti‑inflammatory effects in Swiss mice

PA‑Int5: An isatin‑thiosemicarbazone derivative that exhibits anti‑nociceptive and anti‑inflammatory effects in Swiss mice

Ethnopharmacological-Based Validation of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf Extract in Neurological, Hyperalgesic, and Hyperactive Gut Disorders Using Animal Models

Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and CNS Depressant Activities of the Methanolic Extract of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn. Seed in Mice

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