Background: Distal transradial access in the anatomical snuffbox has advantages over standard proximal access in terms of patient and operator comfort levels and risk of ischemia. Radial artery preservation could be a relevant issue in patients requiring multiple radial artery procedures and coronary bypass with the use of a radial graft or construction of Arterio-Venous fistula in patient of chronic kidney disease. One relevant drawback is the challenging puncture of a small and weak artery, with a steeper learning curve.Objectives:This study sought to compare the feasibility, safety and complications of coronary angiogram and intervention betweenthe distal transradial in the anatomical snuffbox and conventional transradial access.Methods: In this cross sectional studya total of 100 patients were assigned to perform coronary angiogram or intervention through conventional transradial accessand distal transradial in the anatomical snuffboxfrom November 2017 to April 2018 in theDepartment of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). We divided the total patient in two groups, with 50 patientsin each group. All of them had normal pulse in theirradial and dorsal radial artery.One group was subjected toconventional right transradial accessand another to rightdistal transradial in the anatomical snuffbox.Demographic features &complications were recorded.Results: The overall procedural success was 98% which was greater than expected in our early clinical experience for distal transradial access with 48 successful accesses out of 50 patients and for conventional radial approach it was also 98%.There was failure to access of distal radial artery in two casesthat may be due to hypoplastic/vasospastic distal radial artery and for conventional radial artery radial artery spasm was the cause. Patients of conventional radial access had more spasm, hematoma, numbness and hospital stay (p< 0.001) than distal radial access. Considering all, it may be said thatdistal transradialaccess was very much effective and safe as there was less spasm, more comfortable to the patient, no hand ischemia, hematoma, numbness, and early hospital discharge.Conclusion: Distal transradial access in the anatomical snuffbox for coronary angiogram and intervention is abetter alternative, safe and feasible option to conventional transradial access for both patients and operators.University Heart Journal Vol. 13, No. 2, July 2017; 40-45

We describe a rare set of monozygotic twins with coexistent sickle cell anemia and alpha-/alpha alpha thalassemia who have asynchronous painful crises of different frequency and severity. Studies include measurements of cell deformability and other hemorheologic tests, cell density distribution, the percentage of irreversibly sickled cells, adherence of red cells to endothelial cells, membrane heme and membrane free iron, calcium containing internal vesicles and serum antioxidants. Results of these studies, including estimates of organ damage (bone, spleen, retina), were similar except for an increase in red cell membrane free iron in the patient with more frequent and severe painful crises. The study supports the concept that non-inherited factors are important contributors to the frequency and severity of painful crises in sickle cell anemia.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the morphological anatomy of cerebral vessels in patients of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from January 2013 to June 2013. Adult patients of spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), diagnosed clinically and confirmed by CT scan of the head were included in the study. However, patients who are not capable financially of undergoing Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA), traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage and patients taking antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs and with comorbidities were excluded. A total of 30 subjects meeting the above eligibility criteria were selected consecutively from the study population. The present study demonstrated that 80% of the patients were 50 or younger than 50 years old (mean age 45.0 ± 9.4 years) with a male preponderance (60%). Sudden headache accompanied by vomiting was invariably complained by the patients at onset of Athe disease. On admission two-thirds (66.7%) of the patients were unconscious. 4 out of 30(16.65%) patients exhibited neurological deficit. Of the risk factors, hypertension and smoking demonstrated their significant presence (around 45%) among the patients studied. Based on Glasgow Coma Scale, 7(23.3%) patients out of 30 in the present study were in grade-v. Our data showed that the common site of aneurysm was anterior communication artery (36.7%) followed by middle cerebral artery (26.7%) and posterior communicating artery (23.3%). Saccular aneurysms formed the main bulk (93%) of the cases irrespective of anatomical distribution of aneurysm. In aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, aneurysms are mainly located in anterior communicating and middle cerebral arteries and of medium-sized. Majority are saccular type and narrow-necked.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 125-129

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A higher risk of cardiovascular mortality in persons with chronic renal failure (CRF) is linked to inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular aging, and gut dysbiosis, to name a few contributing factors. According to a growing body of evidence, some dietary choices may reduce the severity of certain adverse effects. Specialized databases such as PubMed/Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and UpToDate were searched to find published studies that focus on the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of cranberries' bioactive compounds on CRF and human health. Cranberry supplementation has been demonstrated in clinical research to offer health advantages for humans, such as reducing urinary tract infections. Recently, it has been reported that cranberry polyphenols possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and are also known to have the capacity to affect gut flora. Scientific studies on the beneficial pharmacological effects of cranberries on human health may provide an understanding of traditional cranberry therapy in chronic kidney disease and other chronic conditions. However, translational studies are needed to determine the exact dose that can be administered to humans as well as the validation of nutritional supplements that contain cranberry extract.

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The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of the Volatile oils of Nigella Sativa Linn Seeds was tested against fifteen pathogenic microbial strains includung three gram-positive, eleven gramnegative and a yeast Candida albicans. The volatile oil showed strong sensitivity to all the organisms. The zone of inhibition was found 13-32mm at a dose of 600μg/disc. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the volatile oil was also determined against Staph. Aureus ATCC and E.coli ATCC were found 187μg/ml and 375μg/ml respectively.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3177 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 109-112

SUMMARYThe MeOH extract of seeds of Cerbera odollam Gaertn. (Apocynaceae) was screened for its antibacterial, cytotoxic and neuropharmacological activities. The extract showed moderate anti-bacterial activity against Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus saprophyticus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. It exhibited high level cytotoxicity against brine shrimp (LC 5 0: 3 µg/ml). The extract potentiated pentobarbital induced sleeping time in mice which was further supported by the exploratory behavior test at dose of 25 mg/kg. The overall results tend to suggest the antibacterial, cytotoxic and CNS depressant activities of the extract.