A projective measure of need for affiliation.

Abstract

McClelland et al. (S,7) have developed what appears to be a valid method for measuring achievement motivation by means of a content analysis of the Thematic Apperception Test ( 9) or TAT stories. The TAT used here involves the writing of brief imaginative stories in response to certain pictures. Recently there have been attempts to extend the applicability of McClelland's content analysis to other needs. Roby (10) and Birney (3) have developed scoring systems for the need for security.. The problem of finding a valid method of measuring the strength of the need for affiliation (n Affiliation) has arisen-out of the attempts to study the need for security. Birney found that a group of college men whose need for security had been experimentally aroused by leading them to believe that they had scored poorly on a personality inventory showed significantly more imagery related to affiliation than a control group. The system that Birney used for scoring n Affiliation, however, did not seem general enough. The present : study, therefore, was initiated to extend his work by arousing the affiliation motive more specifically and 'This report is the product of a aeries of exploratory studies into the nature of security motivation financed by grants from the United States Public Health Service under the general direction of Dr, David C. McClelland,, to whom the. authors are indebted. Data used in these studies have .also been collected with the aid of grants from the Office of'Naval Research for a study of achievement motivation which are also gratefully acknowledged.* Now at the University of Pennsylvania. * Now at the University of Michigan.

Testing the convergent and discriminant validity of three implicit motive measures: PSE, OMT, and MMG

“…For example, significant correlations between OMT scores and corresponding TAT scores were found in a Cameroonian subsample but not in other subsamples (German, Costa Rican) of Chasiotis and Hofer's (2003) studies. Supporting the OMT's sensitivity towards motive arousal, Scheffer et al (2007, Study 1) 2 found that the OMT-affiliation score could be predicted in an affiliation motive arousal procedure (as proposed by Shipley and Veroff 1952). The PSE-affiliation score, however, could only be predicted marginally in this study.…”

Social motives and cognitive power–sex associations: Predictors of aggressive sexual behavior.

“…Although affiliation-intimacy motivation is generally linked with warm, friendly actions, there is also a small but consistent set of findings linking affiliation motivation with defensiveness and "prickliness" in the face of threat (Byrne, 1961;Terhune, 1968). i A scoring system for intimacy motivation was developed by McAdams (1980) to improve on the affdiation-motivation scoring systems developed by Veroff and others (Atldnson, Heyns, & Veroff, 1954;Shipley & Veroff, 1952). Although there are both theoretical and empirical differences between intimacy and affiliation motives, the scoring system used for the present study incorporates elements of both systems (and hence is referred to as affiliation-intimacy).…”

Distance Education: Some Differences in Course Type

“…Social awareness Shipley and Veroff (1952) Learning requires a social context to be effective Social context Hearn and Scott (1998) Technology in the distance environment must be able to address the social context of learning …”