A Printable Organic Cathode Interlayer Enables over 13% Efficiency for 1-cm2 Organic Solar Cells

Kang, Qian; Ye, Long; Xu, Bowei; An, Cunbin; Stuard, Samuel J.; Zhang, Shaoqing; Yao, Huifeng; Ade, Harald; Hou, Jianhui

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2018.10.024

Cited by 204 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A key difference between the batch and roll-to-roll processes is the time constraint in the roll-to-roll process. [34,37,39,40,42,[78][79][80][81][82] We found the record PCEs of slot-die coated PSCs have been surprisingly low, as shown in Figure 5d. Therefore, time-consuming processes, such as solvent soaking technique, cannot be used in the roll-to-roll process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency

Lee

Seo

Kwon

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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PSC-efficiencies have increased with intensive effort on novel materials synthesis, film-morphology engineering, and interface control, and the state-of-the-art PSCs have eventually produced a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 15%. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] For example, Zou et al. reported a newly synthesized nonfullerene acceptor (NFA), Y6, having an electron-deficient-core-based fused ring with a benzothiadiazole unit, and the resulting single-junction PSCs based on PM6:Y6 BHJ showed an excellent efficiency of 15.7% and a certified PCE of 14.9%. [20] In addition, Hou and co-workers recently reported a series of copolymers, and in particular, the copolymer T1 (poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)-4-fluorothiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′] dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1′,3′-di-2-thienyl-5′,7′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1′,2′-c:4′,5′-c′] dithiophene-4,8-dione)] (PBDB-TF) = 0.8 and PTO2 = 0.2) produced the bestefficiency of 15.1% and certified PCE of 14.6% in PSCs using 3,9-bis(2-methylene-((3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-6,7difluoro)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′] dithiophene (IT-4F) acceptor. [21] One of the representative routes to further enhance PSCefficiency is broadening the absorption bandwidth of the active film for better sunlight absorption. [21][22][23] To this end, the ternary The record efficiency of the state-of-the-art polymer solar cells (PSCs) is rapidly increasing, due to the discovery of high-performance photoactive donor and acceptor materials. However, strong questions remain as to whether such high-efficiency PSCs can be produced by scalable processes. This paper reports a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.5% achieved with single-junction ternary PSCs based on PTB7-Th, PC 71 BM, and COi8DFIC fabricated by slot-die coating, which shows the highest PCE ever reported in PSCs fabricated by a scalable process. To understand the origin of the high performance of the slot-die coated device, slot-die coated photoactive films and devices are systematically investigated. These results indicate that the good performance of the slot-die PSCs can be due to a favorable moleculestructure and film-morphology change by introducing 1,8-diiodooctane and heat treatment, which can lead to improved charge transport with reduced carrier recombination. The optimized condition is then used for the fabrication of large-area modules and also for roll-to-roll fabrication. The slot-die coated module with 30 cm 2 active-area and roll-to-roll produced flexible PSC has shown 8.6% and 9.6%, respectively. These efficiencies are the highest in each category and demonstrate the strong potential of the slot-die coated ternary system for commercial applications. Photovoltaic DevicesThe ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.Over the past few decades, solution-processed bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) polymer solar cells (PSCs) have continued to demonstrate their potential as a high-ef...

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confidence: 78%

Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency

Lee

Seo

Kwon

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Thus, blade‐coating is deemed to be an efficient strategy to optimize the morphology of active layer in the process of fabricating OSCs. Furthermore, blade‐coating exhibits excellent compatibility with large‐area roll‐to‐roll coating and promising impressive reproducibility of lab‐scale fabrication on large‐scale manufacturing . However, devices remain vulnerable in terms of lifetime stability and under considerable mechanical stress.…”

Section: Detailed Photovoltaic Parameters Of Blade‐coated Oscs Under mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential Blade‐Coated Acceptor and Donor Enables Simultaneous Enhancement of Efficiency, Stability, and Mechanical Properties for Organic Solar Cells

Wang

Zhu

Naveed

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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As a predominant fabrication method of organic solar cells (OSCs), casting of a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure presents overwhelming advantages for achieving higher power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, long‐term stability and mechanical strength are significantly crucial to realize large‐area and flexible devices. Here, controlling blend film morphology is considered as an effective way toward co‐optimizing device performance, stability, and mechanical properties. A PCE of 12.27% for a P‐i‐N‐structured OSC processed by sequential blade casting (SBC) is reported. The device not only outperforms the as‐cast BHJ devices (11.01%), but also shows impressive stability and mechanical properties. The authors corroborate such enhancements with improved vertical phase separation and purer phases toward more efficient transport and collection of charges. Moreover, adaptation of SBC strategy here will result in thermodynamically favorable nanostructures toward more stable film morphology, and thus improving the stability and mechanical properties of the devices. Such co‐optimization of OSCs will pave ways toward realizing the highly efficient, large‐area, flexible devices for future endeavors.

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“…solution processability and flexibility of OSCs allow large-scale manufacturing of polymer-based devices by printing techniques, [6] such as slot-die coating, [7,8] doctor blading, [9] or ink jet printing. [10] Thereby, organic photovoltaics start to emerge as a very promising alternative rene wable energy source for the future.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/smtd202000418mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Studies of Solvent Additive Effects on the Morphology Development during Printing of Bulk Heterojunction Films for Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2020

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The development of polymer morphology and crystallinity of printed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films doped with the different solvent additives 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO) or diphenyl ether (DPE) is investigated with in situ grazing‐incidence small/wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. The solvent additives, having different boiling points, lead to a different film drying behavior and morphology growth states in the BHJ films of the benzothiadiazole‐based polymer (PPDT2FBT) and [6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM). The phase demixing in the printed films is changing over time along with solvent evaporation. Polymer domains start aggregating to form larger domains in the liquid–liquid phase, while phase separation mainly occurs in the liquid–solid phase. The present work provides a profound insight into the morphology development of printed BHJ films doped with different solvent additives, which is particularly important for the large‐scale fabrication of organic photovoltaics.

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A Printable Organic Cathode Interlayer Enables over 13% Efficiency for 1-cm2 Organic Solar Cells

Cited by 204 publications

References 52 publications

Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency

Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency

Sequential Blade‐Coated Acceptor and Donor Enables Simultaneous Enhancement of Efficiency, Stability, and Mechanical Properties for Organic Solar Cells

In Situ Studies of Solvent Additive Effects on the Morphology Development during Printing of Bulk Heterojunction Films for Organic Solar Cells

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