A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Vitiligo in Children

Ezzedine, Khaled; Silverberg, Nanette B.

doi:10.1542/peds.2015-4126

Cited by 61 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Vitiligo affects about 0.5-2% of people worldwide, with half of the cases of vitiligo beginning under the age of 18, mostly in females [2]. The pathogenesis of vitiligo includes the unification of genetic propensity paired with environmental triggers such as stress, sun exposure, koebnerization and oxidative stress [3]. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble prohormone steroid that ensures the integrity of epidermal melanin units by controlling the activation, proliferation, and migration of melanocytes and pigmentation pathways as a result of modulating T-cell activation, which is apparently correlated with melanocyte disappearance in vitiligo [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum vitamin d levels in children with vitiligo

Manav¹

2020

Ann Clin Anal Med

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Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical profile of pediatric vitiligo in Turkey by analyzing differences in gender, clinical features, triggering factors, age of onset, duration of disease, atopy, familial history, and sun exposure in order to report the serum vitamin D levels of children with vitiligo. Material and Method: During a six-month period, 39 children with vitiligo and 39 healthy controls were studied. Demographic details were noted, and dermatological examination was performed to note the areas involved, leukotrichia, and halo nevus. 25-OH vitamin D was carried out by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Results: The group of girls with vitiligo was compared for serum 25-OH vitamin D levels. Significant differences were found between the girls in the control group, even if there were no significant differences between the group of boys with vitiligo and the control group. There were statistically significant differences in 25-OH vitamin D levels between the groups of girls and boys with vitiligo. Only 12 children had a history of more than 15 minutes of sunshine exposure per day, and a significant difference was noted among the boys. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was found in 20 (5%) and 46 (1%) of children, respectively. Discussion: The antioxidant properties of vitamin D show protection from vitiligo. The low levels of vitamin D in girls with vitiligo are caused by concealing clothing, no daily supplementation of vitamin D, exposure to sunlight, more indoor work, and dark skin. These factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Keywords Children; Vitamin D; Vitiligo | The Annals of Clinical and Analytical Medicine Vitamin D levels in pediatric vitiligo

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum vitamin d levels in children with vitiligo

Manav¹

2020

Ann Clin Anal Med

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“…It's incidence rate ranges between 0.1-11% (1,2). Incidence among children is not known clearly but it has been reported that in half of the cases lesions start before the age of, and in 25% they start before 10-14 years and it has different characteristics than that in adults (3,4). The cause of vitiligo is not clearly known but various factors such as genetic, neurohumoral, autoimmune and ototoxic metabolites are thought to be involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Children with Vitiligo: Retrospective Analysis of 105 Cases

Akbaş¹,

Kılınç²,

Aktaş³

2019

Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease

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Objective: Vitiligo is a disease for which the cause is not clearly known public but is common and is characterised by depigmented macules. It's incidence rate ranges between 0.1-11%. Incidence among children is not known clearly but it has been reported that in half of the cases lesions start before the age of, and in 25% they start before 10-14 years and it has different characteristics than that in adults. The aim of this study is to define the clinical and demographic characteristics of childhood vitiligo, identify the accompanying diseases and the treatment options that are provided. Material and Methods: The files of 105 paediatric patients diagnosed with vitiligo in our hospital's dermatology department during the 2011-2018 period have been retrospectively examined. Age, gender, starting age, disease duration, lesion area, vitiligo type, family vitiligo history, blood tests and accompanying diseases have been recorded. Vitiligo types have been divided into 2 main groups, namely segmental and no segmental. Cases with generalized (vulgar), focal, acral, acrofacial vitiligo have been included in non-segmental vitiligo cases. Results: 44.76% of the patients are female. The average age was 10.98±4.77 years, the average age when the condition started was 9.63±4.53 years and average duration of the disease was 19.19±19,60 months (1.59 years). Number of cases in 0-2 age group was 7 (6.66%), 3-5 age group was 10 (9.52%), 6-11 age group was 32 (30.47%), 12-18 age group was 56 (53.33%). In terms of duration of the disease, 0-2 months included 12 patients (11.42%), 3-6 months included 11 patients (10.47%), 7 months to 1 year included 9 patients (8.57%), and over a year included 73 patients (6.52%). With regards to the types of vitiligo, 6.66% (n=7) had segmental vitiligo, 92.38% (n=97) had non-segmental vitiligo, 0.95% (n=1) had mixed type vitiligo. 53.60% (n=52) of non-segmental vitiligo was focal vitiligo, 31.95% (n=31) was vitiligo vulgaris 7.21% (n=7) was acrofacial and 7.21% (n=7) was acral type. In terms of focal vitiligo 40.38% (n=21) had cheek involvement, 23.07% (n=12) periorbital involvement, 11.53% (n=6) perioral involvement, 7.69% (n=4) genital involvement and five cases (9.61%) had multiple involvements. In 30.4% of the cases (n=32), one or more coexisting disease has been observed to exist. Treatment options differed by age. While topical steroids and calcineurin inhibitors have been preferred in younger ages and in limited lesions, while in older ages and in more spread lesions phototherapy and systemic treatment methods have been practised. Conclusion: This study is addressing the clinical and demographic characteristics of children with vitiligo as well as the practised treatment options. In contrast to other studies, this study has concluded more incidences among males. Regarding people in the early stages of vitiligo and in lesions localised in head-neck area, micro-therapy has been observed to be effective and calcineurin inhibitors have hastened repigmentation.

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“…One‐third of vitiligo cases have onset in childhood . We were interested in the outcome of treatment in childhood vitiligo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One-third of vitiligo cases have onset in childhood. 1 We were interested in the outcome of treatment in childhood vitiligo. A retrospective review of electronic medical records of patients with childhood vitiligo younger than 16 years old seen between 2006 and 2015 at the National Skin Centre, Singapore, was conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%