A planar CPW fed UWB antenna with dual rectangular notch band characteristics incorporating U‐slot, SRRs , and EBGs

Abstract

In this article, a planar ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual rectangular notchband characteristics (ie, GHz) is presented.The two-notch bands are chosen based on various wireless applications operating in C-band and X-band. The size of the antenna is very compact (25 × 25 × 1.6 mm 3 ) and is designed on a low-cost FR4 substrate. Co-planar waveguide (CPW) feed and beveling techniques are utilized for achieving the UWB operation. In order to yield the first rectangular notch, a U-slot and a pair of split-ring resonators are embedded into the radiating patch and the backside of the design, respectively. The coupling between these two structures is adjusted so as to achieve a rectangular band-notch operation. The second rectangular notch has been achieved by introducing the two mushroom type electromagnetic band-gap structures on the opposite side of the CPW feed. The parametric analysis for controlling band notches, time-domain analysis, and filter synthesis is also presented. Finally, simulated as well as measured results of S 11 , gain, radiation pattern, group delay, and total efficiency are demonstrated to show the suitability of this design for UWB systems. K E Y W O R D Sco-planar waveguide (CPW), electromagnetic bandgap (EBG), fidelity factor, filter synthesis, rectangular notch, split ring resonator (SRR) | INTRODUCTIONUltra-wideband (UWB) technology provides a unique solution in the field of high-speed short-range indoor communication. [1][2][3][4][5][6] However, it is still a major challenge to avoid interference with already existing bands in the UWB spectrum, such as , 5.8 GHz), X-band downlink, and uplink for satellite communication and 7.9 GHz to 8.4 GHz), C-band uplink and downlink for satellite communication (5.925-6.425 GHz and 3.7-4.2 GHz), and ITU-R (7.725-8.50 GHz). 3,4 Thus, UWB antennas should possess band notch characteristics. [5][6][7][8][9] Multiple design techniques have been provided in the literature for achieving band-notch characteristics in the UWB antennas, that is, slot and parasiticelementloading, 10,11 using fractals, 12 embedding split-ring resonators (SRRs) and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures. 1,3,[13][14][15][16][17] Further, Varactor diodes, PIN diodes, variable capacitors, optically controlled switch, magnetodielectric materials and microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) have been also used to achieve reconfigurable operation in UWB antennas with band-notch characteristics. 3,[18][19][20][21][22][23] The aforementioned designs have a common drawback that has not been assessed meticulously, that is, all these designs have a spiculate curve for notch band

Hexagonal ring‐inspired antenna for UWB and V2X applications

“…The time delay is measured using GD and appears to be <2 ns in both cases, notably less than the stated upper limits in the literature. 15 The transmitted and received pulse's correlation is evaluated by Equation (2). 13,31 A higher value of F is desirable, which depicts a lesser correlation.…”

“…In the available literature, various antenna designs with and without the band-notch characteristics have been reported for the UWB applications. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The researchers have reported several antenna designs and modifications in their geometry, including the Vivaldi patch, 10 rectangular patch, 11 sprocket gear wheel shape patch, 12 bowtie, 13 use of EBG and split ring resonator, 14,15 semi-annular patch, 16 flower bud shape patch, 17 FSS loaded patch with coplanar waveguide feed, 18,19 unidirectional antenna, 20 corner etched rectangular patch, 21 lamp slotted patch with defects in the ground plane, 22 elliptically slotted patch, 23 locked-key topology based patch, 24 and eagle shape patch 25 to achieve UWB characteristics. In addition, a variety of methods have also been reported for achieving band-notch performances, which include different shapes of the slots (such as ring and semi-circular slot, 16 modified inverted-U slot and symmetrical rectangular slot, 20 arc shape slot, 26 and S-shape slot 23 ), C-shape reflector, 27 circular split ring resonator, 28 stubs (such as L-shape stub 28 and C-shape stub…”

“…Therefore, suitably placed, desired band notches are introduced in the UWB band to encounter the space issue. In the available literature, various antenna designs with and without the band‐notch characteristics have been reported for the UWB applications 10–28 …”

Compact Ultrawideband Monopole Antenna With Continuously Tunable Notch Band Characteristics

“…UWB antennas with varied band-notch parameters are designed and built to eliminate UWBnarrowband interference [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Antennas for UWB are categorized into three types based on notch characteristics: 1) fixed band notch frequencies [5][6][7][8][9][10], 2) reconfigurable band notch frequencies [11,12], and 3) continuously tunable notch bands [13][14][15][16][17]. A WLAN band notch is created by a sectorialcircular slot in the radiating patch [5].…”

“…A WLAN band notch is created by a sectorialcircular slot in the radiating patch [5]. To achieve two rectangular notch bands, a U-slot, two split-ring resonators, and two electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures were added to the radiating patch and backside [6]. Two dual-band meander ground defects and negative permittivity unit cells formed quadruple notch bands in [7,8].…”