A pilot toxicology study of biogenic silver nanoparticles: in vivo by intraperitoneal and intravenous infusion routes in rats

Abstract

Toxic effects of nanoparticles on human health are considerably increasing their worldwide recognition. Currently silver nanoparticles are being widely used in consumer medical products, due to its uniqueness in biomedical applications. Uptake of these particles via various administration routes can also lead to different toxic effects. In this study, we assessed the toxic effect of 11-75 nm ranged biogenic silver nanoparticles (Bio-AgNPs) on male wistar rats by using two different administration routes namely, intraperitoneal and intravenous routes. The three different concentrations, No Observable Adverse Effect Concentration (NOAEC), Inhibitory concentration (IC 50) and Total lethal concentration (TLC) was appraised at the dose range of 97.64 to 132 mg/kg for both i/p and i/v routes. There is no considerable changes in hematological parameters in i/p and i/v routes on 14th and 28th day of observation, but the increase was trivial significant for platelet count at the dose of 97-105 mg/kg (IC 50) for i/p route of injection. There is no remarkable adverse impact on liver, spleen and kidney were observed in IC 50 and TLC treated group, when determined by biochemical and histopathological analysis both in i/p and i/v routes treated rats. This estimation confirms that, Bio-AgNPs are not going effect the human metabolic system.

Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles: What We Know and What Do We Need to Know?

“…The significant impact of AgNPs size on their biological activity has been reported by many authors [243,247,248]. Ashajyothi and Chandrakanth [240] studied animal toxicity using 11-75 nm biogenic AgNPs (bio-AgNPs) in the male Wistar rat. It was also reported that the cytotoxicity of bio-AgNPs against normal and cancer cell lines is dose-dependent.…”

“…In contrast, few studies on the patterns of NPs transport, accumulation, degradation, and elimination using animal models have been performed [55]. For this reason, in recent years, the number of nanotoxicology studies that have investigated the biological pathways affected by nanoparticles and induced toxic effects has increased substantially [240]. There is no doubt that deeper knowledge of the mechanisms of bio-AgNPs' effect on living organisms will discover new areas of their application in the near future.…”

“…Wypij and coauthors [9] estimated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the presence of biosynthesized AgNPs on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line and murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. However, some eukaryotic cells are more prone to nanomaterials, especially AgNPs, than to others due to the presence of both the released Ag ions and AgNPs [15,240]. Hamida and coauthors [245] showed that AgNPs induced the greatest toxic effects against HepG2 cells when compared with MCF-7 and Caco-2.…”

Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity and Biocompatibility of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized using Syzigyum cymosum Extract

“…According to Ashajyothi, C et al, 11–75 nm size biogenic AgNPs can be excreted from the body by the kidneys without causing any harm. 74 Conversely, 10 nm-size particles are deleterious for the kidneys. 70 On the other hand, microscopic observation of heart tissue revealed no sign of congestion of heart muscle, extravasation of RBCs, muscle fascicles, and infiltration of immune cells in treatment groups ( Figure S6 ).…”

“…This confirms normal renal function of the treatment groups. According to Ashajyothi, C et al, 11–75 nm size biogenic AgNPs can be excreted from the body by the kidneys without causing any harm . Conversely, 10 nm-size particles are deleterious for the kidneys .…”