A pilot single-blind multicentre randomized controlled trial to evaluate the potential benefits of computer-assisted arm rehabilitation gaming technology on the arm function of children with spastic cerebral palsy

Abstract

This is a repository copy of ReuseUnless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. Title pageA pilot single-blind multicentre randomised controlled trial to evaluate the potential benefits of computer-assisted arm rehabilitation gaming technology on arm function of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Run Authors: All authors meet the criteria described in Information and Instructions to the authors.A pilot single-blind multicentre randomised controlled trial to evaluate the potential benefits of computer-assisted arm rehabilitation gaming technology on arm function of children with spastic cerebral palsy. AbstractObjective: To evaluate the potential benefits of computer-assisted arm rehabilitation gaming technology on arm function of children with spastic cerebral palsy.Design: a single-blind randomised controlled trial design. Power calculations indicated that 58 children would be required to demonstrate a clinically important difference.Setting: Intervention was home-based; recruitment took place in regional spasticity clinics.Participants: Fifteen children with cerebral palsy aged five to twelve years were recruited; eight to the device group.Interventions: Both study groups spasticity treatment with botulinum toxin; the intervention group also received a rehabilitation gaming device.Main measures: ABILHAND-kids and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure were performed by blinded assessors at baseline, six and twelve weeks.Results: An ANCOVA showed no group differences in mean ABILHAND-kids scores between time points. A non-parametric ANOVA on Canadian Occupational Performance Measure scores showed a statistically significant improvement across time points (x 2 (2,15)=6.778, p=0.031) but this improvement did not reach minimal clinically important difference. Mean daily device use was seven minutes. Recruitment did not reach target due to unanticipated staff shortages in clinical services. Feedback from children and their families indicated that the games were not sufficiently engaging to promote sufficient use that was likely to result in functional benefits. Conclusion:This study suggests that computer-assisted arm rehabilitation gaming does not benefit arm function but a Type II error cannot be ruled out. Clinical messages: The use of ass...

Games Used With Serious Purposes: A Systematic Review of Interventions in Patients With Cerebral Palsy

“…Studies sharing the main purpose of assessing the effectiveness of an intervention that incorporates games and/ or VR to promote a certain skill (e.g., improve balance) were included in this category ( Yalon-Chamovitz and Weiss, 2008 ; Sandlund et al, 2011 ; Diez Alegre and Cano de la Cuerda, 2012 ; Howcroft et al, 2012a , b ; Ramstrand and Lygnegård, 2012 ; Winkels et al, 2012 ; Burdea et al, 2013 ; Jaume-i-Capo et al, 2014 ; Preston et al, 2015 ; Sevick et al, 2016 ; Yagüe Sebastián et al, 2016 ; Kassee et al, 2017 ; Levac et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2017 ; MacIntosh et al, 2017 ). These papers were further assigned into two sub-categories related to the setting in which the intervention takes place.…”

“…Of the 16 interventions included in the present study, seven took place at the patients’ home ( Sandlund et al, 2011 ; Ramstrand and Lygnegård, 2012 ; Preston et al, 2015 ; Sevick et al, 2016 ; Kassee et al, 2017 ; Levac et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2017 ). These seven studies demanded patients’ to be self-governing and followed the prescribed “diet” of autonomous play, with little or without assistance and guidance of a therapist.…”

Virtual Reality and Serious Games in Neurorehabilitation of Children and Adults: Prevention, Plasticity, and Participation

“…Most studies indicated a positive improvement in participation. However two 96,97 indicated that the differences between the VR and SG system and standard care groups were not clinically significant.…”

“…Five used the Canadian Occupational Performance Measures, which includes the collaborative creation of individualized goals, 18,59,70,95,96 one study used the Test of Playfulness 58 and two used the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills. 18,92 .…”

Development of a parent‐reported questionnaire evaluating upper limb activity limitation in children with cerebral palsy

“…However, there is no evidence that the ABILHAND-Kids measure is responsive (Gilmore et al, 2010;Greaves et al, 2010). Other studies using the ABILHAND-Kids also suggest a lack of responsiveness (Preston et al, 2016;Preston et al, 2015). The adult version of the ABILHAND-Kids (the ABILHAND) also has limited responsiveness when compared with other measures (Bovolenta, Clerici, Agosti, & Franceschini, M, 2009).…”