A photon counting pixel chip with energy windowing

Single photon counting X-ray imaging with Si and CdTe single chip pixel detectors and multichip pixel modules

“…A coarse discriminator threshold is set globally, and a fine adjustment can be applied dynamically for each pixel. As both discriminators work independently from each other, an energy window can be set which can be useful in medical imaging for contrast enhancement [21]. The MPEC 2.3 chip is based on the MPEC 2.1 chip [22], and some crucial parts of the chip layout were reworked (counter, shift register, multiplexer, implementation of a new window-logic).…”

Offset correction system for 128-channel self-triggering readout chip with in-channel 5-bit energy measurement functionality

“…Compared to the other commonly used approaches -e.g. the dynamic offset compensation [3] -it offers the possibility of asynchronous operation, good repeatability and freedom in adjusting the individual values. The literature of this field contains papers concerning required resolution of trim DACs [4,5] or their new architectures [6].…”

Pixel detectors for tracking and their spin-off in imaging applications

“…In particular the last item is important in order to allow homogeneous imaging of soft X-rays of energies in the energy range below 10 keV. It is also mandatory for a differential energy measurement, realized so far as a double threshold with energy windowing logic [20,21,22], which can enhance the contrast of an image as the shape of the X-ray energy spectrum is different behind different absorbers (e.g. bone or soft tissue).…”