A novel sensitive electrochemical sensor for lead ion based on three-dimensional graphene/sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate hemimicelle nanocomposites

Recent Advances in Sensing Applications of Graphene Assemblies and Their Composites

“…Assembled graphene‐based 3D architectures have gained attention recently for constructing HM sensors. For instance, a sensor based on 3D graphene foam nanocomposites was developed by Qiu et al for Pb 2+ ‐ion detection in aqueous environment. The Gr foam was prepared by the nickel foam templating method.…”

Bayberry-Kernel-Derived Wormlike Micro/Mesoporous Carbon Decorated with Human Blood Vessel-Like Structures and Active Nitrogen Sites as Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Sensors for Efficient Lead-Ion Detection

“…Figure b is a Nyquist plot of a modified electrode in which the electron transfer resistance ( R et ) and the electrolyte ion diffusion rate correspond to the diameter of the semicircular portion of the higher frequency range and the linear part of the sloped line of the lower frequency range, respectively . The poor conductivity of the BNWMC-500/GCE can be confirmed by the larger semicircle in the Nyquist plot ( R et = 2172 Ω).…”

“…The functionalization of electrodes is an effective way to improve sensitivity of analytic detection for metal ions by the electrochemical technique. , As sustainable metal-free materials, multiple categories of porous nanocarbons including activated carbon, carbon nanotube, and mesoporous carbon (MC) have been employed to modify electrodes including the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the determination of heavy metals. ,,, Recently, MC has been becoming a promising modifier for an electrochemical sensor because of its big surface area, low resistance, good conductivity, high mechanical stability, large potential window, and long-term oxidation resistance. To achieve the trace targets including heavy metals and to enhance the electrochemical-sensing accuracy of MC-modified electrode, surface chemical functionality modification by nitrogen, sulfur, boron, phosphorus, and so forth is strongly proposed because these heteroatoms can facilitate proton and electron transfer and improve the efficiency of charge transfer at the interface between MC-modified electrode and electrolyte through adjusting the electronic structure. ,, Among the heteroatoms, nitrogen is the most common and effective element to improve the electrocatalytic activity of carbon electrode for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) or sensors because the inserted nitrogen into carbon lattice can not only modify the surface chemical composition but also improve the electronic property of MC. − …”

A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on A Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with GO/MnO2 for Simultaneous Determination of Trace Cu(II) and Pb(II) in Environmental Water

“…Although these methods can be used for the detection of heavy metals ions, they require relatively expensive instruments, complex operating procedures and long detection time. However, electrochemical methods, such as anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), show significant advantages due to its simplicity, portability, low cost and rapid analysis . Both Mercury drop electrode and bismuth film electrode are usually used to detect heavy metals, but those methods may bring adverse effect on environment and human body at the same time .…”