A novel multiplex electrochemiluminescent immunoassay for detection and quantification of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and anti-seasonal endemic human coronavirus IgG

Li, Fang Fang; Liu, Aaron C.; Gibbs, Ebrima; Tanunliong, Guadalein; Márquez, Ana; Gantt, Soren; Frykman, Hans; Krajden, Mel; Morshed, Muhammad; Prystajecky, Natalie; Cashman, Neil R.; Sekirov, Inna; Jassem, Agatha N

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2021.105050

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(23 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to SARS-CoV-2 RBD, we identified cross-reactive antibodies, albeit to a lesser extent, against SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Nucleocapsid and SARS-CoV-1 Spike in 2013 and 2020, consistent with other published findings ( 19 , 24 ). The greater cross-reactivity observed in anti-RBD in comparison to anti-spike is not unexpected due to the larger % CVs and 95% confidence intervals for specificity of RBD, as we previously described in our assay validations ( 22 ). Additionally, the MSD assay utilizes recombinant proteins printed onto the surface of the plate, and does not account for any post-translational modifications occurring in vivo .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Of the 40 sera previously identified as sero-positive on at least one CLIA platform, we identified 19/40 as sero-positive by a validated MSD algorithm ( 22 ), which requires a positive result on 2 of the 3 SARS-CoV-2 targets tested. 1/19 was previously positive for only one CLIA target and was a sample collected in March 2020, and the remaining 18/19 were previously positive for at least two CLIA targets (4 were collected in May and 14 were collected in September 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples above cut-off values for at least two of three SARS-CoV-2 targets (S1 RBD and/or nucleocapsid, and/or spike) were considered serologically reactive using this MSD immunoassay (i.e. overall status sero-positive) based on our previous validation ( 22 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Age-Associated Seroprevalence of Coronavirus Antibodies: Population-Based Serosurveys in 2013 and 2020, British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundOlder adults have been disproportionately affected during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, including higher risk of severe disease and long-COVID. Prior exposure to endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) may modulate the response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and contribute to age-related observations. We hypothesized that cross-reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are associated with antibodies to HCoV and that both increase with age.MethodsTo assess SARS-CoV-2 unexposed individuals, we drew upon archived anonymized residual sero-surveys conducted in British Columbia (BC), Canada, including before SARS-CoV-2 emergence (May, 2013) and before widespread community circulation in BC (May, 2020). Fifty sera, sex-balanced per ten-year age band, were sought among individuals ≤10 to ≥80 years old, supplemented as indicated by sera from March and September 2020. Sera were tested on the Meso Scale Diagnostics (MSD) electrochemiluminescent multiplex immunoassay to quantify IgG antibody against the Spike proteins of HCoV, including alpha (HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63) and beta (HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-OC43) viruses, and the 2003 epidemic beta coronavirus, SARS-CoV-1. Cross-reactive antibodies to Spike, Nucleocapsid, and the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 were similarly measured, with SARS-CoV-2 sero-positivity overall defined by positivity on ≥2 targets.ResultsSamples included 407 sera from 2013, of which 17 were children ≤10 years. The 2020 samples included 488 sera, of which 88 were children ≤10 years. Anti-Spike antibodies to all four endemic HCoV were acquired by 10 years of age. There were 20/407 (5%) sera in 2013 and 8/488 (2%) in 2020 that were considered sero-positive for SARS-CoV-2 based on MSD testing. Of note, antibody to the single SARS-CoV-2 RBD target was detected in 329/407 (81%) of 2013 sera and 91/488 (19%) of 2020 sera. Among the SARS-CoV-2 overall sero-negative population, age was correlated with anti-HCoV antibody levels and these, notably 229E and HKU1, were correlated with cross-reactive anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD titres. SARS-CoV-2 overall sero-positive individuals showed higher titres to HCoV more generally.ConclusionMost people have an HCoV priming exposure by 10 years of age and IgG levels are stable thereafter. Anti-HCoV antibodies can cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 epitopes. These immunological interactions warrant further investigation with respect to their implications for COVID-19 clinical outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Age-Associated Seroprevalence of Coronavirus Antibodies: Population-Based Serosurveys in 2013 and 2020, British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast to monoplex assays such as ELISA, multiplex serological assays can simultaneously measure antibodies to multiple antigens, allowing for more epidemiological information to be obtained from a single test. It has been demonstrated that multiplex assays can have higher accuracy than monoplex assays [ 11 , 12 ]; can distinguish vaccinated from naturally infected individuals [ 13 ]; can provide estimates of the time since previous infection [ 3 ]; and can simultaneously measure immunity to seasonal coronaviruses [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Response Following Infection and Vaccination

García

Woudenberg

Rosado

et al. 2022

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Serological assays capable of measuring antibody responses induced by previous infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been critical tools in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we use bead-based multiplex assays to measure IgG and IgA antibodies and IgG avidity to five SARS-CoV-2 antigens (Spike (S), receptor-binding domain (RBD), Nucleocapsid (N), S subunit 2, and Membrane-Envelope fusion (ME)). These assays were performed in several cohorts of healthcare workers and nursing home residents, who were followed for up to eleven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection or up to six months after vaccination. Our results show distinct kinetic patterns of antibody quantity (IgG and IgA) and avidity. While IgG and IgA antibody levels waned over time, with IgA antibody levels waning more rapidly, avidity increased with time after infection or vaccination. These contrasting kinetic patterns allow for the estimation of time since previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Including avidity measurements in addition to antibody levels in a classification algorithm for estimating time since infection led to a substantial improvement in accuracy, from 62% to 78%. The inclusion of antibody avidity in panels of serological assays can yield valuable information for improving serosurveillance during SARS-CoV-2 epidemics.

show abstract

“…Reference positive samples were defined as paired serum samples with signals above the MSD-recommended target thresholds for anti-spike (S) and/or anti-nucleocapsid (N) and/or anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG (S = 1,960, N = 5,000, and RBD = 538) ( 14 ). Serum samples were classified as positive for SARS-CoV-2 anti-IgG when signal for two of three targets was greater than or equal to the threshold ( 32 ). Agreement between targets has better efficiency and increased sensitivity to detect low-level antibody responses than a single epitope ( 33 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Immunoglobulin G Serology on Finger Prick Capillary Dried Blood Spot Samples to Detect a SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A novel multiplex electrochemiluminescent immunoassay for detection and quantification of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and anti-seasonal endemic human coronavirus IgG

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Age-Associated Seroprevalence of Coronavirus Antibodies: Population-Based Serosurveys in 2013 and 2020, British Columbia, Canada

Age-Associated Seroprevalence of Coronavirus Antibodies: Population-Based Serosurveys in 2013 and 2020, British Columbia, Canada

Kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Response Following Infection and Vaccination

Performance of Immunoglobulin G Serology on Finger Prick Capillary Dried Blood Spot Samples to Detect a SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About