“…Many plant species have pharmacological activities attributable to their phytoconstituents, for instance, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenes (Batiha et al, 2020). CEO includes many components such as flavonoids, alkaloids and monoterpenes, and has broad pharmacological efficacy (Osanloo, Sedaghat, Esmaeili, & Amani, 2018; Salim, 2017). Furthermore, the pharmacological effects of mentioned constituents are different, for example, the main site action of flavonoids is acetylcholinesterase (Perumalsamy, Jang, Kim, Kadarkarai, & Ahn, 2015), as well as alkaloids and monoterpenes target Na‐K‐ATPase or Na + and K + channels (Lucia, Zerba, & Masuh, 2013; Rajashekar & Shivanandappa, 2017).…”