A new species of Leptodactylus Fitzinger (Anura, Leptodactylidae) from Serra do Brigadeiro, State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil

Abstract

A new species of Leptodactylus belonging to the L. fuscus species group, and related to the L. mystaceus complex, is described from the Lagoa das Bromélias (20 o 53'S, 42 o 31'W; 1,227 m above sea level), Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, Municipality of Ervália, State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. Leptodactylus cupreus sp. nov. is characterized by the large size for the group (SVL 50.1-55.1 mm in males) and color pattern. The new species has a non-pulsed advertisement call, with call rate about 12 calls/s and a dominant frequency between 2,800 and 3,058 Hz. Material and methodsExamined specimens are housed at the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (MNRJ) and Museu de História Natural João Moojen de Oliveira, Viçosa, Brasil (MZUFV). Comparative specimens are referred in the Appendix 1.Measurements were taken with digital calipers. Abbreviations of the measurements (in mm) are: SVL (snout-vent length); HL (head length); HW (head width); IND (internarial distance); END (eye to nostril distance); ED (eye diameter); UEW (upper eyelid width); IOD (interorbital distance); TD (tympanum diameter); HAL (hand length); THL (thigh length); TL (tibia length); FL (foot length). Morphological terminology follows Heyer et al. (1990).Specimens were recorded with a Panasonic RQ-L11 tape recorder on 08 October 2006, at 20 o C air temperature, by R. N. Feio. Calls were digitized from the same tape recorder to avoid velocity alterations and quality loss; and the digitized file did not present differences to the actual call when compared to hearing. Calls were digitized at a sampling rate of 22,050 Hz and resolution of 16 bits. Sound analyses were performed with the program Avisoft-SASLab Light for Windows, version 3.74 (www.avisoft.com). A sonogram was produced utilizing the following parameters: Bandwidth = 323 Hz; FFT length = 256; Frame = 100; Window = Flat Top; Overlap = 75; Time resolution = 2.90 ms; Contrast = char3.gray. Oscillograms and power spectrum of the calls were obtained with the program Sound Ruler Acoustic Analysis, version 0.9.6.0 (http://soundruler.sf.net). Terminology used for call description follows Duellman and Trueb (1994). ResultsLeptodactylus cupreus sp. nov. (Figures 1-3) Holotype: MNRJ 47752. Adult male (Figure 1). Lagoa das Bromélias (20 o 25'S, 43 o 29'W, 1,227 m above sea level), Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, District of Careço, Municipality of Ervália, State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. Collected by R.N. Feio and V.A. São-Pedro, on 08 October 2006.FIGURE 1.Leptodactylus cupreus sp. nov., holotype (MNRJ 47752, SVL 51.8 mm), dorsal and ventral views. CARAMASCHI ET AL. 46 · Zootaxa 1861

Phenotypic variation of Leptodactylus cupreus Caramaschi, São-Pedro and Feio, 2008 (Anura, Leptodactylidae)

“…Within the Leptodactylus fuscus group, the L. mystaceus complex comprises six species: L. mystaceus, L. spixi, L. notoaktites, L. elenae, L. didymus and L. cupreus (Heyer 1996;De Sá et al 2005;Caramaschi et al 2008), distributed in the Amazon basin, Atlantic Forest, Cerrados, Chacos and Caatingas of South America (Frost 2011). Caramaschi et al (2008) considered L. cupreus as a member of L. fuscus group and related to the L. mystaceus complex.…”

“…spixi, L. notoaktites, L. elenae, L. didymus and L. cupreus (Heyer 1996;De Sá et al 2005;Caramaschi et al 2008), distributed in the Amazon basin, Atlantic Forest, Cerrados, Chacos and Caatingas of South America (Frost 2011). Caramaschi et al (2008) considered L. cupreus as a member of L. fuscus group and related to the L. mystaceus complex. The species was diagnosed and distinguished from the other species within the L. fuscus group by the following combination of traits: general color of dorsum copper without spots; presence of a large black stripe extending from the tip of snout to the shoulder passing through the eye and tympanum; outer metacarpal tubercle divided and smaller than the inner metacarpal tubercle.…”

Morfologia oral interna de larvas dos gêneros Eupemphix, Physalaemus e Leptodactylus (Amphibia: Anura)

“…Recentemente, foi proposta uma nova sistemática para a classe Lissamphibia combinando análises moleculares e morfológicas de adultos e larvas (Frost et al 2006. Com essas mudanças, a família Leptodactylidae foi reformulada e atualmente contém 96 espécies, distribuídas nos gêneros Hydrolaetare Gallardo, 1963, Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826, Paratelmatobius Lutz e Carvalho, 1958e Scythrophrys Lynch, 1971(Frost 2008, Caramaschi et al 2008. Os gêneros Edalorhina Jiménez de La Espada, 1870, Engystomops Jiménez de La Espada, 1872, Eupemphix Steindachner, 1863, Physalaemus Fitzinger, 1826, Pleurodema Tschudi, 1838, Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926e Somuncuria Lynch, 1978 foram retirados da família Leptodactylidae, passando a constituir a família Leiuperidae (Grant et al 2006).…”

Advertisement Call and Tadpole of Chiasmocleis mantiqueira Cruz, Feio and Cassini, 2007 (Anura, Microhylidae)

“…The Lagoa das Bromélias (20u539S and 42u319W), located in the southern portion of the park, in municipality of Ervália, is a temporary pond at 1,227 m, with about 200 m 2 of water surface in the wet season. This pond is inserted in a forest patch with rich epiphytic flora mainly represented by Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae (Caramaschi et al, 2008).…”