A new electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of guanine and adenine: using a NiAl-layered double hydroxide/graphene oxide-multi wall carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor was developed for guanine and adenine detection using multiwall carbon nanotubes with the hybrid NiAl-layered double hydroxide/graphene oxide (NiAl-LDH/GO) on a glassy carbon electrode.

Improving Functional Behavior of MCM‐41 by Encapsulating MnO2 Nanorods towards Simultaneous Determination of Purine Bases in DNA Samples

“…They possess linear polymeric structure composed of monomers of purine and pyrimidine nitrogenous bases [2]. Major physiological functions such as cellular energy transduction, blood circulation, control of coronary and cerebral circulation, and neurotransmitter release are regulated by nucleic acids [3][4][5]. Their concentration levels serve as an indicator of many life threatening diseases such as cancer, HIV infections, epilepsy, etc.…”

“…Major physiological functions such as cellular energy transduction, blood circulation, control of coronary and cerebral circulation, and neurotransmitter release are regulated by nucleic acids [3][4][5]. [3][4][5] Amongst the constituent nitrogenous bases, adenine (AD) and guanine (GU) are two principal purine bases [6,7]. [3][4][5] Amongst the constituent nitrogenous bases, adenine (AD) and guanine (GU) are two principal purine bases [6,7].…”

“…Their concentration levels serve as an indicator of many life threatening diseases such as cancer, HIV infections, epilepsy, etc. Thus the determination of nitrogenous bases in physiological fluids is quintessential from clinical and therapeutics perspectives [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Any kind of discrepancy in the constituent nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids leads to an erroneous gene expression like mutations or abnormal functioning of the human body.…”

“…[3][4][5] Amongst the constituent nitrogenous bases, adenine (AD) and guanine (GU) are two principal purine bases [6,7]. So far various techniques have been implemented for determination of GU and AD such as high performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, flow injection-chemiluminescence, ion-pairing liquid chromatography, fluorescence and electrochemical methods [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Thus the determination of nitrogenous bases in physiological fluids is quintessential from clinical and therapeutics perspectives [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

“…Any kind of discrepancy in the constituent nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids leads to an erroneous gene expression like mutations or abnormal functioning of the human body. Thus the determination of nitrogenous bases in physiological fluids is quintessential from clinical and therapeutics perspectives [2][3][4][5][6][7]. So far various techniques have been implemented for determination of GU and AD such as high performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, flow injection-chemiluminescence, ion-pairing liquid chromatography, fluorescence and electrochemical methods [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”