A new approach of sizing battery energy storage system for smoothing the power fluctuations of a PV/wind hybrid system

Abstract

In this paper, a new approach for optimally sizing the storage system employing the battery banks for the suppression of the output power fluctuations generated in the hybrid photovoltaic/wind hybrid energy system. At first, a novel multiple averaging technique has been used to find the smoothing power that has to be supplied by the batteries for the different levels of smoothing of output power. Then the battery energy storage system is optimally sized using particle swarm optimization according to the level of smoothing power requirement, with the constraints of maintaining the battery state of charge and keeping the energy loss within the acceptable limits. Two different case studies have been presented for different locations and different sizes of the hybrid systems in this work. The results of the simulation studies and detailed discussions are presented at the end to portrait the effectiveness of the proposed method for sizing of the battery energy storage system.

Optimal placement and sizing of photovoltaics and battery storage in distribution networks

“…Raptis et al used unified particle swarm optimization technique on IEEE‐33 bus system to converge to an optimal BESS siting that minimizes energy losses in a distribution network with PV generation. Particle swarm optimization technique was also used in Reference to find the minimum sizing of BESS that would support the desired smoothing power level due to fluctuations from the integration of PV/wind hybrid system. Optimal planning and operation management of BESS in smart grid with PV generation is discussed in Reference , where improved GA and power system analysis tool are used to maximize profits from energy loss reduction while minimizing investment cost.…”

Optimal allocation of a hybrid energy storage system considering its dynamic operation characteristics for wind power applications in active distribution networks

“…In Wen et al and Lan et al, the optimal allocation for ESS in hybrid ship power system aims at reducing the system investment costs and greenhouse gases' emissions was determined by an interval optimization method. In Sandhu and Mahesh, the optimal size of battery ESS was designed for restraining the power fluctuations in hybrid energy system. In Ogunjuyigbe et al and Sandhu and Mahesh, CO 2 emissions and life cycle cost were considered in the objective for determining the optimal size of hybrid energy system.…”

“…In Sandhu and Mahesh, the optimal size of battery ESS was designed for restraining the power fluctuations in hybrid energy system. In Ogunjuyigbe et al and Sandhu and Mahesh, CO 2 emissions and life cycle cost were considered in the objective for determining the optimal size of hybrid energy system. In these papers, the multi‐objective functions including economy and reliability were considered, but the constraints of ESS especially the dynamic efficiencies and absorb power characteristics were not considered.…”

A Review of Optimal Planning Active Distribution System: Models, Methods, and Future Researches

“…Thanks to the flexibility of power regulation, ESSs perform multiple important roles in ADSs, including peak load shaving and valley load filling [90], network upgrade deferral [93,105], frequency-voltage control [46], power quality and reliability improvement [20,60,78,101,104,105], alleviating the fluctuation of RDGs [46], obtaining arbitrage benefit [60,105], reducing energy losses [60], and providing a time varying power energy management, etc.…”

“…As the main sources of uncertainties, wind speed, solar irradiance, and load demand, are approximately assumed to follow Weibull distribution, Beta distribution, and normal distribution, respectively, as shown from Equations (2)-(4). Therefore, these PDFs are adopted to represent the high fluctuation and randomness features of wind speed, solar irradiance, and load demand in many articles [25,35,44,48,53,65,66,75,81,90].…”